1. Chapter 9: Economic Transformation, 1820—1860
iClicker Questions for America’s History, Seventh Edition and America: A Concise History, Fifth Edition

2. 1. The development of machine tools is significant because they
A. facilitated the repair of complicated equipment.
B. produced machines that made standardized parts rapidly and cheaply.
C. produced machines that could be run by women or children factory workers.
D. were of higher quality than similar British equipment.

3. 2. The Waltham plan was a revolutionary change for American industry because it
A. hired skilled mechanics to design machine tools.
B. cut labor costs by hiring women and girls.
C. automated flour production.
D. made the first use of water-powered machinery.

4. 3. Cities such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and New Orleans grew rapidly in the 1830s because
A. their location facilitated the use of water power in factories.
B. their mayors and other city officials used public funds to build new ports and harbors to increase trade.
C. they were located where goods had to be transferred from one mode of transportation to another.
D. the discovery of new overland transportation routes allowed for a dramatic increase in commerce.

5. 4. The Erie Canal was so successful because it
A. provided the best route for westward migration.
B. linked the economies of the Midwest and the Northeast.
C. opened new territories to settlement.
D. provided water power for factories.

6. 5. A Market Revolution in America was prompted beginning in the 1820s by the construction of
A. a railroad linking New York with Cincinnati and the Ohio River Valley.
B. a system of canals and roads linking the Atlantic coast states and the trans-Appalachian West.
C. the “Grand Canal” that opened the Philadelphia market to cities in the South.
D. the first intercontinental road that ran from the District of Columbia to St. Louis.

7. 6. Labor unions fought for all of the following except
A. higher wages.
B. shorter working hours.
C. prohibition of alcohol in the workplace.
D. better working conditions.

8. 7. Workers who faced the worst working and living conditions were
A. mill workers.
B. mechanics.
C. casual laborers.
D. farmers.

9. 8. In the 1820s, to meet the demand for cheap farmsteads, Congress
A. reduced the price of federal land.
B. increased taxation on American industry.
C. negotiated with France for land exchange.
D. debated the issue but did not reach a political compromise.

10. 9. All of the following describe Charles Grandison Finney except
A. he was a Presbyterian minister.
B. he was born to a rich family in Barbados.
C. he planned to become a lawyer.
D. he repudiated Calvinist beliefs.

11. 10. Civic leaders throughout the Northeast copied the Erie Canal because they
A. needed routes for migrants to the West.
B. wanted to take advantage of water power.
C. needed to compete for western trade.
D. were trying to compete with New York for European trade.

12. Answer is B Answer is C Answer is A
Answer Key for Chapter 9
Answer is B
Answer is C
Answer is A