1. THE CIVIL WAR: Conclusion
Chapters 11.4 – 11.5

2. Armies Clash at Gettysburg
May 1863, the South won in the Battle at Chancellorsville
May 2nd, General Stonewall Jackson is accidentally shot
Despite losing Jackson, Lee decided to press his advantage and invade the North
The Battle of Gettysburg became the turning point of the war
As shots were fired, more troops were drawn to the battle

3. The Second Day July 2nd – 90,000 Yankees vs. 75,000 Confederates
The Rebels overran the Union troops who had left their positions
Eventually many Confederates surrendered

4. The Third Day
July 3rd – Lee was optimistic that he could break Union lines
Lee ordered Longstreet to push forward
Lee sent General Stuart to circle around and surprise Meade’s forces
Lee had to lead his remaining troops back towards the South
Over 30% of the forces died in the battle
Union – 23,000 killed or wounded
Confederacy – 28,000 killed or wounded

5. Grant Wins at Vicksburg
General Grant continued his quest to take the Mississippi at Vicksburg, VA
Grant landed infantry south of Vicksburg on April 30
May 1863, Grant planned for a siege
Food supplies ran so low that people ate dogs and mules
July 3, 1863 – Confederate forces asked Grant for his terms of surrender

6. The Gettysburg Address
November 1863, Lincoln delivered his famous Gettysburg Address
The speech is said to have “Remade America”

7. The Confederacy Wears Down
After the Gettysburg and Vicksburg, the Confederacy was now facing insurmountable odds
Confederate morale began to deteriorate
Jefferson Davis began to have great difficulty governing the Confederate states
Peace movements began to spread throughout the South

8. Grant Appoints Sherman
March 1864, Lincoln appointed Grant as the commander of all Union armies
Grant appointed William Tecumseh Sherman as commander of the military in Mississippi
Both Grant and Sherman believed in Total War
Grant’s strategy was to immobilize Lee’s army in VA while Sherman raided GA
May 1864, Grant began a series of brutal attacks
May 4 – June 18, 1865: Grant lost nearly 60,000 men to Lee’s 32,000

9. Sherman’s March
Sep. 2, 1864 – Sherman abandons his supply lines and heads SE through Georgia
Sherman declared he would make Southerners “so sick of war that generations would pass away before they would again appeal to it.”
After taking Savannah, Sherman turned north to help Grant against Lee
Sherman inflicted even more damage as he marched through SC

10. The Election of 1864 and Surrender at Appomattox
Lincoln faced heavy opposition in the 1864 election
Radical Republicans pressured Lincoln as well
Lincoln’s party called themselves the National Union Party
Union success in GA and VA helped get Lincoln the votes to win re-election
April 2, 1865 – Richmond is abandoned
April 9, 1865 – the Confederates surrender at Appomattox Court House

11. The War Changes the Nation
The Federal government ended the threat of secession following the Civil War
The war greatly increased the power of the federal government
The Civil War had a large impact on the nation’s economy
1863 – National Bank Act

12. More Changes The Northern economy boomed
The Southern economy was devastated
The economic gap between the North and the South grew drastically
The war had a huge affect on every American family:
360,000 Union soldiers killed; 275,000 wounded
260,000 Confederate soldiers killed; 225,000 wounded
2,400,000 served during the war
The two governments combined to spend $3.3 billion

13. The War Changes Lives 1865 – the Thirteenth Amendment is passed
Many soldiers had to decide what to do with their lives following the war
Many veterans returned to their small towns after the war
1881, Barton helped form the American Red Cross

14. The Assassination of Lincoln
April 14, 1865 – Lincoln went to Ford’s Theatre to see Our American Cousin
John Wilkes Booth was eventually caught and shot 12 days later
Lincoln died at 7:22 A.M. on April 15
7 million Americans attended Lincoln’s funeral train
America faced two major issues now without Lincoln