1. EASE Workshop "Two Roads to Open Access" Open Access Repositories in practice Bill Hubbard SHERPA Manager University of Nottingham

2. Open Access Repositories What are they? What are they to you?

3. Institutional repositories Digital collections that preserve and provide access the the intellectual output of an institution.* Encouraging wider use of open access information assets May contain a variety of digital objects –e-prints, –theses, –e-learning objects, –datasets * Raym Crow The case for institutional repositories: a SPARC position paper. 2002.

4. Open Access for the researcher Wide dissemination –papers more visible –cited more Rapid dissemination Ease of access Cross-searchable Value added services –hit counts on papers –personalised publications lists –citation analyses

5. publication & deposition Author writes paper Submits to journal Paper refereed Revised by author Author submits final version Published in journal Deposits in e-print repository pre-print post-print published version

6. Other benefits For the institution –facilitates use and re-use of the information assets –raises profile and prestige of institution –manages institutional information assets - RAE –long-term cost savings For the research community –frees up the communication process –avoids unnecessary duplication

7. Benefits for society in general Publicly-funded research publicly available Public understanding of science Knowledge transfer Health and social services Culture

8. Repository basis Institutional repositories combined with location- specific or subject-based search services Practical reasons –use institutional infrastructure –integration into work-flows and systems –support is close to academic users and contributors OAI-PMH allows a single gateway to search and access many repositories –subject-based portals or views –subject-based classification and search

9. Repository content Preprints Postprints Datasets Learning objects Videos Sound files linkage between these objects Theses Dissertations Royalty publications Conference papers Conference organisation Grey literature

10. Repository use Access to material Citation analysis Overlay journals Review projects Evidence based work Data-mining Cross-institutional research group virtual research environments... Services built on top RAE-like submissions, activities and management Archival storage Shop-windows Facilitate industrial links Career-long personalised work spaces

11. Russell Group University of Birmingham University of Bristol University of Cambridge Cardiff University University of Edinburgh University of Glasgow Imperial College King's College London University of Leeds University of Liverpool LSE University of Manchester University of Newcastle University of Nottingham University of Oxford University of Sheffield University of Southampton University of Warwick University College London 18 out of 19

12. SHERPA SHERPA - an outcome of JISC's strategy & support Facilitated establishment and development of repositories in partner institutions Examined issues for repository growth

13. SHERPA Partners –University of Nottingham –University of Birmingham –University of Bristol –University of Cambridge –University of Durham –University of Edinburgh –University of Glasgow –London LEAP Consortium –University of Newcastle –University of Oxford –White Rose Partnership –The British Library –Arts & Humanities Data Service London LEAP Consortium –Birkbeck College –Goldsmiths College –Imperial College –Institute of Cancer Research –Kings College –London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) –Royal Holloway –Queen Mary –School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) –School of Pharmacy (SoP) –University College, London (UCL) White Rose Partnership –University of Leeds –University of Sheffield –University of York

14. SHERPA - current projects SHERPA Plus OpenDOAR SHERPA/RoMEO SHERPA DP PROSPERO RDN IR Search Service DRIVER EThOS MIDESS, IRIS, VERSIONS, SPECTRa and StORe

15. SHERPA - practical outcomes Establishing an archive, individual or consortium Basic technical needs Basic costs Populating an archive Copyright Advocacy & changing working habits Mounting material Maintenance Preservation Concerns

16. Academic concerns Subject base more natural ? –institutional infrastructure, view by subject Quality control ? –peer-review clearly labelled Plagiarism –old problem - and easier to detect I already have my papers on my website... –unstructured for RAE, access, search, preservation Threat to journals? –evidence shows co-existence possible - but in the future... ?

17. Barriers to adoption Copyright restrictions –approx.. 93% (of Nottinghams) journals allow their authors to archive Embargoes –defines relationship of publisher to research Cultural barriers to adoption Authors are willing to use repositories –79% would deposit willingly if required to do so Deposition policies are key

18. Repositories are spreading because... Give easy access Give rapid access Give long-term access Increase readership and use of material They offer advantages to academics They offer advantages to institutions They offer advantages to research funders They offer new ways for information to be linked and used

19. Futures 10 years - what changes are coming down the track and what responses are needed? What is inside your control and what is outside? Irrespective of repositories, author-side charges, open access - what will develop? Developments in the web and ICT alone will produce substantial change... Some themes...

20. Future themes Journals - what is happening now and what will develop in the future? –subscriptions, commercial pressures, staffing... Academics & IT - what will people expect from IT? –access, speed, integration... Research funding and processes - how is research changing? –what stakeholders are involved and what do they want?... How will this effect current publishing models? How will this effect open access and repositories?

21. http://www.sherpa.ac.uk http://www.opendoar.org bill.hubbard@nottingham.ac.uk