1. The Federal Bureaucracy: Administering the Government
Chapter 13

2. Federal Administration: Form, Personnel, and Activities
Structure of the Federal bureaucracy
Cabinet departments
Independent agencies
Regulatory agencies
Government corporations
Presidential commissions
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

3. Federal Administration: Form, Personnel, and Activities
Federal employment
2,500,000 civilian employees
More than 90% hired by merit criteria
The Federal bureaucracy’s policy responsibilities
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

4. Number of Civilian Federal Employees
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

5. Development of the Federal Bureaucracy: Politics & Administration
Small government and the patronage system
Growth in government and the merit system
Big government and the executive leadership system
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

6. The Bureaucracy’s Power Imperative
The agency point of view
Top bureaucrats promoted “in house”
High loyalty to agency mission
Sources of bureaucratic power
Expertise
Client groups
Friends in high places
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

7. Bureaucratic Accountability
Through the Presidency
Reorganization
Appointments
Executive budget
Through the Congress
Congressional budget
Oversight GAO and CBO
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

8. Bureaucratic Accountability
Through the Courts
Within the bureaucracy itself
Whistle-blowing
Demographic representativeness
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

9. Reinventing Government?
Leaner and more responsive administration
Distributed decision making through empowerment
The National Performance Review
Practical limits on streamlining
© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.