1. Ch 4 the Muscular System

2. Overview  Muscles: my/o, myos/o> Make body movement possible, hold body erect, move body fluids, and produce body heat.  Fascia: fasci/o> Cover, support, and separate muscles.  Tendons: ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o> Attach muscle to bone

3. Types of muscle Tissue  Skeletal Muscles: Attach to bones of the skeleton and are the muscles that make possible body motions.  Smooth Muscle: Located in internal organs>stomach, intestines, blood vessels. Their function is to move fluids.  Cardiac Muscle: Forms the muscular wall of the heart.

4. Muscle Motions  Abduction: moves away from the midline  Flexion: (bending) decreases an angle as in bending a joint  Elevation: raises a body part  Rotation: Turns a bone on its own axis  Supination: turn the palm upward or forward  Dorsiflexion: bends the foot upward at the ankle  Adduction: moves toward the midline  Extension: (straightening) increases an angle as in sraightening a joint  Depression: lowers a body part  Circumduction: rotate in a circle  Pronation: turn the palm downward  Plantar flexion: bends the foot downward at the ankle

5. Ch 4 Terms  fasci/o fascia, fibrous band  kinesi/o movement  my/o muscle  tax/o coordination, order  ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o tendon, stretch out, extend, strain  ton/o tension, tone, stretching  hemi half  -plegia paralysis, stroke  sub- below  tri three

6. Words  Fascitits> inflammation of a fascia (tissue)  Kinesiology> is the study of muscular activity and the resulting movement of body parts  Myectomy> surgical removal of a portion of a muscle  Dystaxia> difficulty in controlling voluntary movement  Tendonitis> inflammation of the tendon caused by excessive or unusual use of the joint  Atonic> the lack of normal muscle tone  Quadriplegia> paralysis of all four extremities  Hemiparesis> slight paralysis of one side of the body  Subscapularis> muscle in the front of the scapula  Triceps> back of the upper arm with three divisions: long, medial, and lateral heads