1. Colonial Life

2. Part 1 - Governing English Parliament –Magna Carta (1215) – signed by King John Limited the monarch’s right to levy taxes Originally only intended for nobles but extended to all citizens The Magna Carta Formed Parliament –Two-house legislature made up of the House of Lords (nobles, inherited power) and the House of Commons (elected by rich men and landowners) –Greatest power = approve new taxes –English Bill of Rights (1689) – King William and Queen Mary Glorious Revolution removed King James from power and invited his daughter and her husband to rule since they were more open to expand Parliament’s power

3. Questions: What was Parliaments greatest power? What boosted Parliaments power in 1688?

4. Answer : What was Parliaments greatest power? Approve new taxes!

5. Answer: What boosted Parliaments power in 1688? English Bill of Rights!

6. Part 1 - Governing Colonial Self-Government –Colonists called for a voice in government and to rule themselves due to the rights of Englishmen –Colonial Legislatures 1619 – Virginia Company allowed House of Burgesses to make laws for Jamestown Company 1629 – General Court set up in Massachusetts where colonists elected delegates William Penn was given ownership of Pennsylvania by the British; 1701 – colonists forced Penn to agree to let the General Assembly make laws that only the King could overturn

7. Part 1 - Governing 1760 – Every British colony in North America had some from of legislature –Legislatures clashed with the King and colonial governors –Right to Vote 50% to 75% of all white males in American colonies could vote Much higher percentage than in England Africans, Native Americans, slaves, and women could not vote

8. Questions: Who was given ownership of Pennsylvania by the British? Who could vote in the American colonies?

9. Answer: Who was given ownership of Pennsylvania by the British? William Penn!

10. Answer: Who could vote in the American colonies? 50% to 75% of White Males!

11. Part 1 - Governing Regulating Trade –Mercantilism – colonies existed to serve the economic needs of England The colonies were sources of raw materials and sales opportunities Navigation Acts – –1) Shipments from Europe to the colonies had to pass through England first –2) Ships built and owned by England only were allowed to import goods to England from the colonies –3) The colonists could sell certain key items (tobacco, sugar, etc) to England Only –Benefited colonists because they ensured a market for their goods and encouraged ship building –Some colonists resented Acts because they felt they favored English merchants and restricted the amount of money they could make

12. Questions: What term means that the colonies existed to serve the economic needs of England? How did the Navigation Acts benefit the colonies?

13. Answer: What term means that the colonies existed to serve the economic needs of England? Mercantilism!

14. Answer: How did the Navigation Acts benefit the colonies? 1) Ensured a market for their goods! 2) Encouraged shipbuilding in New England!

15. Part 2 - Society Families –Very important, included extended family –Farm Families – most colonists lived on farms Large families an advantage Closely knit and self-sufficient Responsibilities given to each family member –Examples: Planting, cultivating, harvesting, housework Houses were not very comfortable –Made out of wood, few rooms, crude utensils, cold over winter –Town Families Few cities and towns Easier for single people Family still held in high regard Singles expected to live with family or board

16. Part 2 - Society Roles –Men Control income Manage property Command authority Represent household in public life –Voting, officeholder –Women Married men chosen by parent –Based on property, religion, and family needs Many domestic responsibilities –Cooking, laundry, gardening, farming Little or no public life

17. Part 2 - Society –Young People Under seven years old –Played jump rope, hopscotch, with marbles and homemade toys –The wealthier the family, the better the toys Expected to work as of seven years of age –If they lived through infancy Girls = Worked in the home Boys = Worked in the fields or as apprentices –Apprenticeship – prepared boys to work individually Adults believed working prepared children for life as an adult

18. Questions: Where did most colonists live? What household person managed property and controlled income?

19. Answers: Where did most colonists live? On Farms!

20. Answer: Which member of the household managed property and controlled income? Men!

21. Part 2 - Society Social Classes –In England, land measured wealth –Land in American colonies was plentiful which made it appealing to Englishmen –Social status in England determined by birth –American colonies had classes but were more socially equal

22. Part 2 - Society –Gentry Upper class colonials –Planters, merchants, ministers, official, lawyers Few in number Most powerful people Gentry often held official jobs because there was no pay for those jobs –Considered serving a duty and a right –Middle Class Majority of colonists –Planters, independent farmers, artisans Not rich, not poor Mainly white Continually growing Gave poor something to strive for

23. Part 2 - Society –Indentured Servants Contracted workers doing 4 to 10 years work for person who paid for them to go to the colonies Just above slaves 1600s - most came from England 1700s – growing numbers from Germany and Ireland Few, if any, rights Bound to obey master who could work them to death and add service time for disobeying or committing criminal activity At end of service, received a set of clothes, tools, and 50 acres of land at end of service Only 2/10 became prosperous –Free African Americans 60,000 free in 1790 compared to 757,000 enslaved Allowed to own property and slaves Had restricted lives

24. Questions: What group made up the majority of the colonists? How long did indentured servants work for?

25. Answer: What group made up the majority of the colonists? Middle Class!

26. Answer: How long did indentured servants work for? 4 to 10 years!