1. Experiences in Bridging The Digital Divide Onno W. Purbo Onno@indo.net.id A Common Indonesian

2. References http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno/ http://www.apjii.or.id/onno/ Mailing List wifi4d@dgroups.org

3. Disclaimer.. I am a trained Engineer, not an economist nor a social scientist I tend to simplify things & may be wrong Some thought may be too extreme Consider this as an on going research work

4. Acknowledgment.. Thank you to my friends Basuki Suhardiman, Donny BU, Bona, Donny, Adi, Noor, Heru Nugroho, Judith, etc.. Who _voluntarily_ work hard to help the community.

5. The Experiences.. It is a long 10+ years process Not instant It is a self-finance process Not much support from the Government No World Bank Funding No IMF Funding

6. Indonesia 1993 Internet UsersFew CybercafeNone Schools on InternetNone ICT booksFew ICT MagazineFew

7. 10+ Years Later, Today.. 7.5+ Million Indonesian Internet Users 5000+ WiFi outdoor installations 2000+ CyberCafes 1500+ schools on the Internet 1000+ Community Radio 20+ ICT Magazines Hundreds ICT Books Title Hundreds Local ICT Authors

8. Who Done It? Mostly community based.. Not much gov’t funding & support No World Bank, no IMF funding Mostly self-finance

9. Basic Strategies.. Consumer  Producer Supply driven  Demand driven Operator Based  Community Based Rely heavily on People’s Power. Informal Education Process is KEY

10. Principal Strategy Create A People’s Movement To Create Community Based Telecommunication Infrastructure. Provide Knowledge To People for Free whenever possible. Not much gov’t funding & support No World Bank, no IMF funding Mostly self-finance

11. Keywords for Success Education! Education! Education.. Encourage knowledge producer Knowledge Sharing To Make Things Difficult No Money, Self-Finance.. Sustainable Process Bottom up Community based Development

13. Publish ~40 Books..

14. Community Based Infrastructure

15. Major Technologies WiFi – for outdoor usage! VoIP Neighborhood Network Open Source Development Platform

16. Outdoor WiFi

17. Impact Unlicensing WiFi Band One (1) million to 17.8 million WiFi based Internet users. Rp. 1 Billion/year to Rp. 21 Billion/year ISP tax. Rp. 7 Billion/year to Rp. 128 Billion/year VAT. Rp. 18 Billion to Rp. 600 Billion investment tax. 50.000 units to 2 million unit computers. 5.5000 units to 130.000 units ISM band equipment. Justify an industrial migration from antenna and tower manufacturing to ISM band equipment manufacturing at US$4.5 million value.

18. VoIP

19. Neighborhood Network

20. We do more.. Run free talks on Internet at schools Facilitate Open Source Communities Currently 1500+ schools on Internet 24.000+ high schools in Indonesia Mostly Self-Finance Some support Vocational School Director MoE Investment US$2000-US$4000/school 50 cents/student/month – RoI ~1 Year Movement WiFi City WAN for School in 20 Cities. Million Indonesian Future Generation ICT Literate  Self-Finance

21. Stories Behind The Screen.. “Jihad” for Community Based ICT Infrastructure Low Cost & User Friendly Equipments From People By People For People

22. The Catch … Will need “Local Informal Leader” The one who Has the vision Knows the way Shows the way Goes the way It’s not easy to find one  …..

23. Thank You Knowledge is power, Share It, It’ll Multiply. You‘ll see the real power of Knowledge. http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno/ http://www.apjii.or.id/onno/ Mailing List wifi4d@dgroups.org