1. Chapter 4: Folk and Pop* Culture *the cool kids

2. Culture stuff…

3. Diffusion

4. Types of Diffusion Relocation diffusion: Spread of a characteristic through migration – Folk culture usually spreads this way, if it spreads at all – The Amish migrated from Europe to cheap North American land in PA, OH, IL, IO and Canada, then spread out from there

5. Types of Diffusion Expansion diffusion: “snowball process” Contagious diffusion: rapid and widespread diffusion

6. Food Preferences Bostans (the food map on 112) – The main point here is that it is part of their culture to use these little gardens to provide fresh produce for the city. – The other main point is that they use the environment to their advantage People in general adapt their food preferences to conditions in the environment – Examples?

7. Houses “American cultural geographer Fred Kniffen considered the house to be a good reflection of cultural heritage, current fashion, functional needs and the impact of the environment.”

8. Houses Pitched roofs Where your house is facing What your house is made of MDCs vs. LDCs What is your house decorated with?

9. Houses I’ll let you in on a little secret: I DID look at the test a tiny bit this time, and there are not any specifics on that boring house section. In order to cover the boring houses in a more exciting way, we are going to make gingerbread houses next week. So don’t waste your time studying right now.

10. Uniform Landscape There is uniformity in popular culture Every burger king looks the same so that you recognize it wherever you go Symbols, trademarks, etc. Things are designed so that locals and visitors know what they are looking at

11. Language I don’t even know where to begin.

12. Someone requested key issue 1 in its entirety. Thanks. English colonies spread English. Just like they spread Christianity! Hey! English is a GERMANIC language. Remember that. It is not Romantic, even though you might think its family to Spanish and Italian and French. No, no, no. 3 Germanic tribes invaded the British Isles. They spoke 3 similar languages. (Jutes, Angles and Saxons, FYI)

13. Key issue 1 cannot be summed up in one slide. Thanks. The Vikings from Norway then gave some of their language The Normans invaded from France in 1066 and so French and “English” were spoken there for a few hundred years Our fancy words have French roots and our dumb/easy words have Germanic roots.

14. Here’s a map for ya…

15. Vocab Words Dialect: A regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary, spelling and pronunciation. Isogloss: A word-usage boundary within a nation – What are some words that are not used nationally and therefore have a geographic extent or boundary? Standard Language: The one most used/recognized dialect My Fair Lady demonstrates English dialects My Fair Lady

16. More key issue 1… cause it’s long What are some dialects within the United States? Look at page 142 if you want to know more

17. Key issue 2 … I’m on a roll! Language Family: Collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestral language that existed long before recorded history Language branch: A collection of languages related through a common ancestral language that existed several thousand years ago Language Group: A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocab. – West Germanic and English

18. The Celtic Language It is endangered. Just like an endangered species. It was the major language before those dang Germanic Angles, Jutes and Saxons invaded. The survival of any language depends on the political and military strength of its speakers. The Celts started to lose their language when they lost their territory Read pages 157-159 if you want more!

19. Isolated Languages Not related to anyone  No family  Lonely  BASQUE – a pre-indo-european language – Pyrenees Mountains in Northern Spain and SW Fr Icelandic- It’s related but just hasn’t changed

20. Some more stuff you requested… Lingua Franca: A language used to communicate internationally. It’s like a mix of languages. Pidgin- a simplified form of a language that may be easier to use. It has fewer rules and less grammar and such. – Swahilia, Hindi, Indonesian