2. Which of the following will encompass the largest number of speakers?
Language family
Language branch
Individual language
Dialect
Language group

3. Which of the following will encompass the largest number of speakers?
Language family
Language branch
Individual language
Dialect
Language group
Explanation:
The categories are organized hierarchically: family, branch, group, language, and dialect.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 5.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 9 & 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 5.1: Name the largest language families.

4. Which of the following is not a Romance language?
French
German
Italian
Portuguese
Spanish

5. Which of the following is not a Romance language?
French
German
Italian
Portuguese
Spanish
Explanation:
Germanic languages predominate in northern and central Europe.
Answer: B
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 5.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 9 & 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 5.8: Learn the distribution of the Romance branch of Indo-European.

6. FIGURE 5-13 ROMANCE BRANCH OF THE INDO-EUROPEAN LANGUAGE FAMILY Romance branch languages predominate in southwestern Europe.

7. The oldest roots of the English language have been traced back to present-day
Belgium.
Canada.
Denmark.
Iceland.
Netherlands.

8. The oldest roots of the English language have been traced back to present-day
Belgium.
Canada.
Denmark.
Iceland.
Netherlands.
Explanation:
Angles, Jutes, and Saxons invaded England from the their homes on the Danish peninsula.
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 5.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 9 & 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 5.9: Understand the origin of English.

9. FIGURE 5-15 INVASIONS OF ENGLAND The first speakers of the language that became known as English were tribes that lived in present-day Germany and Denmark. They invaded England in the fifth century. The Jutes settled primarily in southeastern England, the Saxons in the south and west, and the Angles in the north, eventually giving the country its name—Angles’ Land, or England. Invasions by Vikings in the ninth century and Normans in the eleventh century brought new words to the language spoken in the British Isles. The Normans were the last successful invaders of England.

10. The relocation of the Nigerian capital from Lagos to Abuja
reflects tensions between rival groups.
reflects a cultural preference for inland sites.
was a direct order from the United Nations.
was undertaken to promote economic development.
The capital has not been relocated.

11. The relocation of the Nigerian capital from Lagos to Abuja
reflects tensions between rival groups.
reflects a cultural preference for inland sites.
was a direct order from the United Nations.
was undertaken to promote economic development.
The capital has not been relocated.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 5.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 9 & 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 5.16: Understand how several countries peacefully embrace more than one language.

12. FIGURE 5-30 LANGUAGE DIVERSITY IN NIGERIA The map shows Nigeria’s principal languages. The photo shows Nigeria’s capital city Abuja, which was built in the center of the country, where none of the three largest languages dominates. The city skyline includes a cathedral (left), national bank (center), and mosque (right).

13. Complete the following analogy: Argentina is to Spanish as
Brazil is to Portuguese.
Belize is to Portuguese.
Guyana is to Spanish.
Suriname is to French.
Panama is to English.

14. Complete the following analogy: Argentina is to Spanish as
Brazil is to Portuguese.
Belize is to Portuguese.
Guyana is to Spanish.
Suriname is to French.
Panama is to English.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 5.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 9 & 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 5.8: Learn the distribution of the Romance branch of Indo-European.
Explanation:
Portuguese is the predominant language of Brazil just as Spanish is spoken in Argentina.

15. A creolized language is a local language mixed with
another local language.
at least 20 percent slang.
the language of a colonial power.
English.
French.

16. A creolized language is a local language mixed with
another local language.
at least 20 percent slang.
the language of a colonial power.
English.
French.
Explanation:
Creole languages develop due to the interchange of indigenous language(s) and the colonizer’s language.
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 5.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 9 & 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 5.22: Describe how English has diffused to other languages.

17. Complete the following analogy: southern Europe is to Romance as
southwestern Europe is to Iberian.
eastern Europe is to West Germanic.
eastern Europe is to Balto-Slavic.
southeast Europe is to Greek.
northern Europe is to Celtic.

18. Complete the following analogy: southern Europe is to Romance as
southwestern Europe is to Iberian.
eastern Europe is to West Germanic.
eastern Europe is to Balto-Slavic.
southeast Europe is to Greek.
northern Europe is to Celtic.
Explanation:
Romance languages predominate in southern Europe as Balto-Slavic languages do in eastern Europe.
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 5.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 9 & 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 5.7: Learn the Balto-Slavic branches of Indo-European.

19. In both the Kurgan and Anatolian theories of Indo-European, the language family spread via __________ diffusion.
contagious
expansion
hierarchical
relocation
stimulus

20. In both the Kurgan and Anatolian theories of Indo-European, the language family spread via __________ diffusion.
contagious
expansion
hierarchical
relocation
stimulus
Answer: D
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 5.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 9, 10, & 11
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 5.12: Understand the Nomadic Warrior Hypothesis.

21. Globally, today’s predominant lingua franca is
Swahili.
Pidgin.
Creole.
French.
English.

22. Globally, today’s predominant lingua franca is
Swahili.
Pidgin.
Creole.
French.
English.
Explanation:
In part due to Britain’s colonial legacy, English is the world’s most popular lingua franca.
Answer: E
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 5.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 10 & 11
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 5.21: Understand the concept of lingua franca.

23. Complete the following analogy: Hindi is to India as
Austrian is to Austria.
Celtic is to Denmark.
Mandarin is to China.
Russian is to Ukraine.
Spanish is to the Philippines.

24. Complete the following analogy: Hindi is to India as
Austrian is to Austria.
Celtic is to Denmark.
Mandarin is to China.
Russian is to Ukraine.
Spanish is to the Philippines.
Explanation:
Hindi is the most spoken language in India as is Mandarin in China.
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 5.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome: N/A

25. Which one of these languages is found in the North Germanic Language Group?
Danish
English
Frisian
German
Netherlandish (Dutch)

26. Which one of these languages is found in the North Germanic Language Group?
Danish
English
Frisian
German
Netherlandish (Dutch)
Explanation:
The rest of the languages are in the West Germanic Language Group.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 5.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 2 & 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
Learning Outcome 5.5: Learn the distribution of the Germanic Branches of Indo-European.

27. FIGURE 5-10 LANGUAGE GROUPS OF THE GERMANIC BRANCH Germanic languages predominate in Northern and Western Europe.

28. Which of these languages is not one of Switzerland’s four official languages?
English
German
Italian
French
Romansh

29. Which of these languages is not one of Switzerland’s four official languages?
English
German
Italian
French
Romansh
Explanation:
There may be a substantial amount of people in Switzerland who can speak English, but it is not one of their official languages.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 5.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 2 & 10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
Learning Outcome 5.16: Understand how several countries peacefully embrace more than one language.

30. FIGURE 5-29 LANGUAGE DIVERSITY IN SWITZER LAND The map shows Switzerland’s four official languages. The photo shows a sign that prevents hikers, vehicles, and horses from entering the forest because of timber cutting. German is top left, French top right, Italian lower left, and Romansh lower right. Switzerland lives peacefully with four official languages, including Romansh, which is used by only 1 percent of the population.