1. Chapter 3: Self Esteem and Mental Health

2. JOURNAL QUESTION OF THE DAY!!! WHAT ARE YOUR STRENGTHS AS A PERSON??? WHAT ARE YOUR STRENGTHS AS A PERSON???

3. What is Self-Esteem? Self-esteem: measure of how much you value, respect, and feel confident about yourself Self-esteem: measure of how much you value, respect, and feel confident about yourself Affects how you communicate with others Affects how you communicate with others Shy, passive, lack confidence Shy, passive, lack confidence Affects decisions you make about health Affects decisions you make about health Es. Overeating, taking risks Es. Overeating, taking risks

4. Benefits of High Self-Esteem INCREASED RESPECT: INCREASED RESPECT: Take care of themselves Take care of themselves INCREASED ABILITY TO REACH GOALS: INCREASED ABILITY TO REACH GOALS: More likely to set and reach realistic goals More likely to set and reach realistic goals INCREASED WILLINGNESS TO TRY: INCREASED WILLINGNESS TO TRY: Willing to try new things without being discouraged Willing to try new things without being discouraged INCREASED FEELING OF VALUE: INCREASED FEELING OF VALUE: Feel like they matter in family, school, and community Feel like they matter in family, school, and community

5. HIGH vs. LOW SELF-ESTEEM HIGH SELF-ESTEEM HIGH SELF-ESTEEM Speaks up for self Speaks up for self Respects self and others Respects self and others Has confidence Has confidence Tries new things Tries new things Feels valuable to society Feels valuable to society Adjusts to change Adjusts to change Feels optimistic Feels optimistic Makes decisions based on values Makes decisions based on values LOW SELF-ESTEEM Feels Insecure Disrespects self and others Vulnerable to peer pressure Doesn’t feel valuable Feels depressed Fears failure Uses drugs and alcohol Feels pessimistic Behaves destructively

6. Self Esteem Development Begins to develop at birth Begins to develop at birth Self-concept: how one views oneself Self-concept: how one views oneself If you view yourself as valuable/ likeable, your self-esteem is high If you view yourself as valuable/ likeable, your self-esteem is high How you interpret messages about yourself has a lot to do with how you view yourself How you interpret messages about yourself has a lot to do with how you view yourself Messages shape how you view yourself Messages shape how you view yourself Use “constructive criticism” Use “constructive criticism”

7. Improving your self-esteem Use positive self-talk: Use positive self-talk: the things you say to yourself STRONGLY influence your self-esteem the things you say to yourself STRONGLY influence your self-esteem Act with integrity: Act with integrity: “integrity”- characteristic of doing what one knows is right “integrity”- characteristic of doing what one knows is right Choose supportive friends: Choose supportive friends: Avoid critical or disrespectful people Avoid critical or disrespectful people Accept yourself: Accept yourself: See all of your imperfections and still think of yourself as valuable See all of your imperfections and still think of yourself as valuable

8. Using good communication skills Communication: the process through which two or more people exchange information Communication: the process through which two or more people exchange information Prevent misunderstandings Prevent misunderstandings Be clear, ask if you are feeling a certain way Be clear, ask if you are feeling a certain way Build healthy relationships Build healthy relationships How you communicate with others affects how people relate to you How you communicate with others affects how people relate to you Expressing yourself Expressing yourself Express your feelings in a healthy way Express your feelings in a healthy way

9. Communication styles Passive: does not offer opposition when challenged or pressured Passive: does not offer opposition when challenged or pressured Aggressive: to be hostile and unfriendly in the way one expresses oneself Aggressive: to be hostile and unfriendly in the way one expresses oneself Assertive: express oneself in a direct, respectful way Assertive: express oneself in a direct, respectful way calmly calmly

10. Speaking Skills Verbal communication Verbal communication Voice volume Voice volume Tone and pitch Tone and pitch “I” messages: way of talking that explains how you feel while remaining firm, calm, and polite “I” messages: way of talking that explains how you feel while remaining firm, calm, and polite Removes blame from the situation Removes blame from the situation “You” messages: places blame/ may cause defense mechanism “You” messages: places blame/ may cause defense mechanism Empathy: ability to understand another person’s feelings, behaviors, and attitudes Empathy: ability to understand another person’s feelings, behaviors, and attitudes

11. Mental and Emotional Health Mental Health: state of mental well-being in which one can cope with the demands of daily life Mental Health: state of mental well-being in which one can cope with the demands of daily life Having high self-esteem and being able to develop healthy, intimate relationships Having high self-esteem and being able to develop healthy, intimate relationships Express anger and emotions in healthful ways Express anger and emotions in healthful ways

12. Mentally and Emotionally healthy people have…… 1.) A sense of control: 1.) A sense of control: Take charge/responsibility for their lives Take charge/responsibility for their lives 2.) Ability to endure failures and frustrations: 2.) Ability to endure failures and frustrations: Likely to persist through set-backs Likely to persist through set-backs 3.) Ability to see events positively: 3.) Ability to see events positively: Optimistic/ see challenges as opportunities Optimistic/ see challenges as opportunities 4.) Ability to express emotions in a healthy way: 4.) Ability to express emotions in a healthy way: Do not hold emotions in or deny how you feel Do not hold emotions in or deny how you feel

13. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow Abraham Maslow Psychologist: person who studies emotions and behaviors Psychologist: person who studies emotions and behaviors Believed everyone has a drive to reach self- actualization Believed everyone has a drive to reach self- actualization Created “hierarchy of needs” Created “hierarchy of needs”

14. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Self-actualization: achievement of the best that a person can be Self-actualization: achievement of the best that a person can be Physical: food, water, sleep, exercise Physical: food, water, sleep, exercise Safety: shelter, protection Safety: shelter, protection Social: love, acceptance, friendship Social: love, acceptance, friendship Esteem: met through self-respect and achievement Esteem: met through self-respect and achievement Self-actualization: full potential Self-actualization: full potential Hard to reach S.A.!! Work one stage at a time…. Hard to reach S.A.!! Work one stage at a time….

15. Expressing Emotions Emotion: feeling that is produced in response to life experiences Emotion: feeling that is produced in response to life experiences Can have positive or negative effects Can have positive or negative effects Do not deny/build up an emotion Do not deny/build up an emotion Learning to manage emotions is key to S.A. Learning to manage emotions is key to S.A.

16. Managing Emotion Talk it out: can help you figure things out/manage feelings Talk it out: can help you figure things out/manage feelings Blow off steam: release energy in a positive way (ex. Exercise) Blow off steam: release energy in a positive way (ex. Exercise) Be creative: write about feelings, sing, draw Be creative: write about feelings, sing, draw

17. Anger Results from frustration or helplessness Results from frustration or helplessness Understand what you can and cant control Understand what you can and cant control Deal with emotions appropriately- you are responsible for emotions Deal with emotions appropriately- you are responsible for emotions Recognize how you feel physically when angry Recognize how you feel physically when angry Use the “I” messages Use the “I” messages

18. Fear May not be pleasant, but can be helpful May not be pleasant, but can be helpful Protects us from danger (ex. Fight or flight) Protects us from danger (ex. Fight or flight) May be harmful to health if prolonged May be harmful to health if prolonged Use self-talk to get over fears/ use controlled exposure Use self-talk to get over fears/ use controlled exposure

19. Guilt Alerts you that you are behaving in a way that goes against your values Alerts you that you are behaving in a way that goes against your values Keeps you true to yourself Keeps you true to yourself To your best to right the wrong To your best to right the wrong Can contribute to stress levels Can contribute to stress levels

20. Jealousy Caused by fear that something you own or love will be lost Caused by fear that something you own or love will be lost Twinge of jealousy is natural Twinge of jealousy is natural Talk about it Talk about it Be thankful for what you have Be thankful for what you have

21. Loneliness Emotion that makes you feel (mentally) isolate from others Emotion that makes you feel (mentally) isolate from others Become involved: Become involved: Join sports Join sports Volunteer Volunteer Go out and meet people Go out and meet people

22. Defense Mechanisms Unconscious thought or behavior used to avoid experiencing unpleasant emotions (see page 66, table 2) Unconscious thought or behavior used to avoid experiencing unpleasant emotions (see page 66, table 2) Don’t plan or decide to use them Don’t plan or decide to use them Can be helpful (ex compensation, sublimation) Can be helpful (ex compensation, sublimation) Short term may make you feel better Short term may make you feel better Will not make emotions disappear Will not make emotions disappear Find a balance between managing emotions and using defense mechanisms Find a balance between managing emotions and using defense mechanisms