1. POD #9 – Medieval Europe YOU DO REVIEW ACTIVITIES

2. Please answer the following questions and be prepared to share your answers: [1] What is feudalism? [2] Why did Christian missionaries target the kings of Europe? [3] How did Pipin I assume power as king of the Franks? [4] How did the Franks become the defenders and protectors of Christianity? [5] What controversy surrounds the crowning of Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor? [6] What was the impact of the Treaty of Verdun? [7] How did the Kievan Principality rise to prominence? [8] What is the significance and importance of the Ecclesiastical History of the English People written by Venerable Bede to historians?

3. Please answer the following questions and be prepared to share your answers  Please evaluate the following statement, and create a list of supporting arguments, as well as opposing arguments to the following statement: “The relationship between the peasants, nobles, and clergy was one of interdependence.” Arguments in support of the stated position Arguments in opposition to the stated position

4. Please answer the following questions and be prepared to share your answers  Please explain this statement: The issue of lay investiture was as Charles Dickens might say, “the best of times and the worst of times for the Christian Church”.

5. Please answer the following questions and be prepared to share your answers  Please identify and explain the motivation of both the Pope and the Kings in calling for and supporting the Crusades.

6. Please answer the following questions and be prepared to share your answers  [1] What theories exist to explain the rise of medieval towns?  [2] What was the difference between the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy?  [3] What liberties were present in towns?  [4] What was the role and function of the merchant guild?  [5] What was the role and function of the craft guilds?  [6] What was the Hanseatic League?

7. Please answer the following questions and be prepared to share your answers  Create an outline for an essay on the following topic: The Renaissance began in Italy. Why?

8. Please answer the following questions and be prepared to share your answers  [1] What was Caesaropapism?  [2] What outside forces threatened the Byzantine Empire?  [3] Why did the Orthodox (Byzantine) and Catholic (Roman) church split in 1054 C.E.?  [4] What was Justinians? Code?  [5] How was the relationship between the Byzantine Empire and Kiev formalized and solidified?  [6] What cultural impact did the Byzantine Empire have on Kiev and later Russia?