1. Discovery and Settlement of the New World
Objectives- Students will understand and demonstrate…
1) Identify 1 reason why Spain and England sought to settle the New World
2) Identify and define the importance of 1 English and Spanish explorer.
3) Analyze 2 differences between Spanish and English settlement of the New World
Instructions for taking notes
Words in bold should be copied by students
Italicized questions are meant to be answered and not written down. If doing Cornell Notes, students can simply write their answers on the left side of the paper or answer verbally

2. I. Exploration in 16th Century
(What were some of the motivations for Europe to explore?)
Portugal- 1st country to explore new route to Asia
Bartolomea Dias reaches tip of Africa
*route to India around Africa dominated by Portugal
*Why does this motivate Spain to find westward route?

3. Spanish Exploration- created with discovering New World (N/S America)
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella- unite Spain as a Catholic nation, expel Muslims
Christopher Columbus- 1492, “Discovers” Americas
Hernan Cortes- 1521, conquers Mexico
Pizarro- conquers Incas (South America)
Horses and Disease- introduced to Native Americans
Horses- transportation
Disease- 90% Native Americans die within 100 years
Columbian Exchange- exchange of goods from America and Europe
*How did Columbus’ discovery change Europe? Native Americans?
Did Columbus discover “The New World”?

4. Spanish Settlement Latin America
Imperial Bureaucracy- Gov. leaders appointed by King
No Self Government
Catholic Church- mission to convert N. Ams.
Encomienda- system of slavery forcing N.Am. to work on missions
Reason for few Blacks in Mexico
Mining (Gold)-
Little Diversification in Economy
How is this difference between settling Mexico and the US evident today?

5. English Exploration Push Factors High Birth rate
Law of Primogeniture- 1st son inherits all family land
Who is 1st born and who is not? Would you go?
Protestantism vs. Catholicism- Eng/Protestant, Spain/Catholic
NAm settlement seen as a duty to expand their religious belief
Spanish Armada- failed Sp. Invasion of Eng, Sp. Navy destroyed
England controls the North Atlantic
How does the Sp. Armada change Eng. world status?

6. Early English Colonization
Roanoke-1st English attempt to settle Nam. (disappered!)
Jamestown st successful Eng. Town in NAm
Virginia Company (Joint Stock Company)- funded Jamestown (goal to earn a return/$)
Gentleman Settlers- wealthy second sons
What problems will they have settling Jamestown?
Gold- looked for, not found
Starving Time-360/400 settlers die
John Smith- organized settlers (“Don’t work, don’t eat’)
Tobacco- crop that made Jamestown profitable
What was the purpose why England decided to settle North America?
What was the reason why you felt people first moved to United States?

7. What about the Native Americans?
Powhatans- local NAm. Around Jamestown
3D’s (Reason Eng. treated NAm differently from Spain)
Disease- majority died off
Disorganization- Nam. hated each other
Disposability- no gold meant no need for unskilled workers
Were the Native Americans savages?
How would things have been different if English settlers decided to live in harmony with Native Americans?
Was there an alternative to the harsh treatment of Native Americans?