1. The Planting of English America 1500 - 1733

2. Christopher Columbus Arrived North America in 1492 Sailed for Spain – Queen Isabella Actually arrived in Caribbean Only 10% of native population survived the next 100 years From Florida south, Spain controlled

3. “Sea Dogs” Francis Drake knighted by Queen Elizabeth for plundering Spanish ships Resulted in problems for Spain and England

4. Failed Attempts 1583-- First attempt of British colonization failed in Newfoundland 1585 – Sir Walter Raleigh – Roanoke Island Settlers landed on Roanoke Island, NC settlement VANSIHED!

5. Spain is Defeated 1588- Defeat of the Spanish Armada by England 1604– Treaty of Peace between England and Spain

6. Early 1600’s – Factors which led to English colonization Population increase (enclosing of land) Economic depression Primogeniture Joint Stock Company Religious Persecution Peace with Spain

7. Virginia Company 1607 Purpose: seeking gold, conversion of Indians, & passage to the Indies Received charter from King James I to settle in the New World guaranteed settlers the rights of Englishmen Jamestown settled

8. Virginia Colony Saved from collapse by: John Smith – Work = Food starving time Colonists tried to leave but were turned back by Lord De La Warr 1625 - 1200 out of the 8000 were left

9. Powhatan Chief Powhatan – dominated natives in the James River area Problems arose - colonists started raided Indian food supplies Lord De La Warr attacked Indians First Anglo-Powhatan War-1614 Second Anglo-Powhatan War - 1644

10. Virginia: Child of Tobacco John Rolfe - Saved the colony perfected tobacco Tyranny of “King Nicotine” Drained the soil & prices fluctuated

11. African Slaves 1619 - African Slaves – Dutch warship sold 20 Black Africans to Jamestown

12. Representative Assembly House of Burgesses organized in 1619 1 st of its kind in the colonies Upset King James I made Virginia a royal colony

13. Maryland 1634 – Founded by Lord Baltimore proprietary colony Tobacco economy based on white indentured servants

14. Maryland A refuge for persecuted Catholics 1649 – Maryland Act of Toleration: Guaranteed religious toleration to all Christians – not Jews or atheists

15. The West Indies 1655 - England claimed Jamaica Economy based on sugar Slaves outnumbered white settlers Depended on North America mainland for food & other supplies

16. King Charles II 1649 - Charles I beheaded Oliver Cromwell takes over 1660- Charles II restored to the English throne after Cromwell’s 10 year rule

17. The Carolinas 1670 – settled by 8 lord proprietors Prospered by developing close economic ties with the British West Indies

18. The Carolinas Early exports - Indian slaves & rice Rice cultivation led to import of Africans slaves Slaves were immune to malaria (but susceptible to sickle cell anemia) Charles Town - busiest seaport in the south

19. The Split 1712 – “Squatters” from Virginia moved to North Carolina Great resistance to authority & aristocracy North Carolina was officially separated from South Carolina Both became royal colonies

20. Georgia 1733 – Founded by James Oglethorpe haven for debtors buffer against Spanish Florida & the French in Louisiana Only colony to receive subsidies from British gov’t Restrictions on black slavery after 1750

21. Common Characteristics of the Southern Colonies Plantation economy Profitable staple crops like tobacco & rice Slavery Large acreage in the hands of a favored few “Soil Butchery” led to expansion westward Establishment of churches & schools difficult Some religious toleration Tax-supported church of England dominate