1. Highlights of Revised Korean Romanization and Word Division 2009 Elaine H. Kim Senior Cataloger North East Section Asian and Middle Eastern Division Library of Congress

2. The term of jurisdiction The term of jurisdiction The term of jurisdiction (Northern Province) romanized to indicate phonetic change after hyphen for the consistency with other terms of jurisdiction Prev. Rev. Prev. Rev. Kyŏngsang-pukto Kyŏngsang-bukto Kyŏngsang-pukto Kyŏngsang-bukto Chŏlla-pukto Chŏlla-bukto Chŏlla-pukto Chŏlla-bukto Chungchŏng-pukto Chungchŏng-bukto Chungchŏng-pukto Chungchŏng-bukto Hwanghae-pukto Hwanghae-bukto Hwanghae-pukto Hwanghae-bukto

3. Word of Western origin For words of Western origin, apply MCR in a normal manner without special treatment, only with exception of words beginning with the letter. Prev. Rev. Dijitŏl Tijitŏl linnen linnen Gŭllobŏl Kŭllobŏl Usŭng-kŏp Usŭngkŏp maketing-non maketingnon Amajon-kang Amajongang kŭm-medal kŭmmedal esei-chip eseijip changjak-tim changjaktim

4. Personal Names Hyphenate forename or pseudonym only when they are preceded by a family name. Otherwise do not put hyphen in personal name. Prev. Rev. Prev. Rev. Kim So-wŏl Kim So-wŏl Kim So-wŏl Kim So-wŏl Yi Yulgok Yi Yul-gok Yi Yulgok Yi Yul-gok Chun-hyang chŏn Chunhyang chŏn Chun-hyang chŏn Chunhyang chŏn

5. Personal Names When a personal name is written in Hangul, and the first part of persons given name begins with, romanize the initial as r. Choe Ran Choe Ran Ha Ri-su Ha Ri-su Yi Ryu-hwan Yi Ryu-hwan For given names of Western origin, romanize the as r or l corresponding to its counterpart in the Western word being romanized, following rule 10 below. Pak Reichel Pak Reichel Kim Lillian Kim Lillian

6. Personal Names When the pronunciation of a historically well-known person s given name, beginning with or, is in conflict with the romanization rule, romanize to represent the pronunciation. Prev. Rev. Prev. Rev. Sin IpSin Rip Sin IpSin Rip Ha Yun Ha Ryun Ha Yun Ha Ryun

7. S Spelled-out Cardinal Number S omanize date with ch ŏn rather than ilch ŏn to more accurately represent the current pronunciation. Separate each digit by hyphens, without phonetic changes. Romanize date with ch ŏn rather than ilch ŏn to more accurately represent the current pronunciation. Prev. Rev. Prev. Rev. ilchŏn-kubaek-yuksippalchŏn-kubaek-yuksip-pal

8. Medial Medial before,,,, : Romanize as t when a syllabic final before,,,, and. before,,,, : Romanize as t when a syllabic final before,,,, and. Prev. Rev. Prev. Rev. kakkilkatkil kakkilkatkil haeppithaetpit haeppithaetpit haessalhaetsal haessalhaetsal potchimpotchim potchimpotchim

9. Archaic Korean Strictly apply McCune-Reischauer rules and tables when romanizing archaic Korean. Tyŏnjyunot Chŏnju Tyŏnjyunot Chŏnju Chosyŏnnot Chosŏn Chosyŏnnot Chosŏn syŏmninot sŏmni syŏmninot sŏmni yaktyonot yakcho yaktyonot yakcho

10. Symbol and Character Modifier The apostrophe is used to differentiate aspirated consonants The apostrophe is used to differentiate aspirated consonants / chŏnsa / chŏnsa / chŏnsa / chŏnsa / tokki / tokki / tokki / tokki The apostrophe is also used to mark transcriptions of as opposed to The apostrophe is also used to mark transcriptions of as opposed to / changŭm / changŭm / changŭm / changŭm / sŏngun / sŏngun / sŏngun / sŏngun The character modifier breve over o (ŏ) is used to represent,, and over u (ŭ) is used to represent,. The character modifier breve over o (ŏ) is used to represent,, and over u (ŭ) is used to represent,.

11. Word Division Each part of speech is to be separated from other parts of speech, without doing harm to the original meaning. Group syllables into words that make sense in context. Functionality of the Noun as a search keyword Functionality of the Noun as a search keyword Separating Noun from Compound words, Derived words, Adjectives, and Verbs Separating Noun from Compound words, Derived words, Adjectives, and Verbs

12. The particle ( ) For the particle ŭi, apply the Word Division rule in a normal manner like any other particles without special treatment. Prev. Rev. wiin kwa ŭi mannam wiin kwaŭi mannam unmyŏng ŭiro ŭi chodae unmyŏng ŭiroŭi chodae e ŭi eŭi ŭrosŏ ŭi ŭrosŏŭi

13. The auxiliary, -, Separate the auxiliary verbs and their inflections from a preceding noun including the previously joined simple inflection of the auxiliary -,and -. Prev. Rev. saranghansarang han Sarang hayŏ Sarang hayŏ kanghaengdoenkanhaeng toen chalmot toeyachalmot toeya

14. Copula - Separate the copula - and its inflections from the preceding word including the previously joined simple inflection. Prev. Rev. pyŏnghwajŏginpyŏnghwajŏk in inganjŏgilinganjŏk il chu ŏ k iran chuŏk iran sarang iras ŏ sarang irasŏ Write a simple inflection of the adjective form together with single syllable noun it modifies mŏtchin yŏja kapssan haengbok

15. Prefixes and suffixes Prefixes and suffixes are joined to the words they modify. Prev. Rev. sin yŏsŏngsinyŏsŏng ko munsŏkomunsŏ tae kiŏptaegiŏp kŏjinmal chaengikŏjinmaljaengi chong chŏngnichongjŏngni cham sarangchamsarang

16. Numbers For numbers, separate each digit by hyphens without phonetic changes. Separate a native Korean and Sino-Korean number from its quantifier. Prev. Rev. mahŭn tasŏtmahŭn-tasŏt ahŭn ahop tongahŭn-ahop tong sŭmul tasŏt salsŭmul-tasŏt sal

17. Numeral quantifiers for Time Previously separated numeral quantifiers, such as,,,,,,, etc. are now joined to the words they modify. Prev. Rev. isibil segiisip-ilsegi sesi osippunsesi osippun But; 21 21-segi (with Arabic number; no change)

18. Coordinated characters Do not hyphenate between abbreviated forms of non-proper nouns. Hyphenate only for proper nouns. Prev. Rev. kŭn-hyŏndaekŭnhyŏndae chung-tanpyŏnchungdanpyŏn chung-kodŭng chunggodŭng But: Nam-Pukhan Pul-Han sajŏn Tang-Song sanmunsŏn

19. Publication titles with single syllable modifiers Previously separated single syllable modifiers that indicates a type of publication are now joined to the words they modify, unless the word being modified is a proper noun. Prev. Rev. nanjung ilgi chonanjung ilgicho tokki chŏntokkijŏn yangban chŏnyangbanjŏn But: Kwibong chip (proper noun) Sowŏl sŏn (proper noun)

20. Appendices Seven Appendices are added. Suggested Dictionaries Suggested Dictionaries List of Auxiliary verbs List of Auxiliary verbs List of Numeral quantifiers List of Numeral quantifiers List of Prefixes List of Prefixes List of Suffixes List of Suffixes List of Imperfect Nouns List of Imperfect Nouns Korean Romanization Table Korean Romanization Table

21. Thanks Elaine Kim Senior Cataloger Northeast Section Asian and Middle Eastern Division Library of Congress Tel: 202-707-2213 Fax: 202-707-4587 Email: hhuh@loc.gov