1. Film and Video 12

2. Roles For the purpose of the next project you will all assume individual roles. Some of you will have more than one role and some of the roles are combined. We will discuss roles in more detail as the course progresses. For the purpose of the next project you will all assume individual roles. Some of you will have more than one role and some of the roles are combined. We will discuss roles in more detail as the course progresses. Writer/Producer Writer/Producer Director Director Cinematographer (camera person) Cinematographer (camera person) Sound Producer/Boom Operator Sound Producer/Boom Operator Editor Editor

3. The writer The Writer writes the script, commentary and dialogue. The Writer writes the script, commentary and dialogue.

4. Producer The Producer would raise all the money and is responsible for the overall production. In particular you must make sure all of your workers are satisfied, all are participating, schedules are made and met etc. The Producer would raise all the money and is responsible for the overall production. In particular you must make sure all of your workers are satisfied, all are participating, schedules are made and met etc. Producers organize the work of other people and usually find the story that they want to produce. They create advertisements so that people will want to see a film. Producers organize the work of other people and usually find the story that they want to produce. They create advertisements so that people will want to see a film. Ultimately, you will decide what the film will be about and the director will then interpret that idea Ultimately, you will decide what the film will be about and the director will then interpret that idea

5. The Director The Director interprets the script or proposal into film, and directs actors and production crew. The Director interprets the script or proposal into film, and directs actors and production crew. The director is in charge of the actors and he or she decides how each scene should be filmed. Often the main idea of the film is influenced by the director’s imagination. The director is in charge of the actors and he or she decides how each scene should be filmed. Often the main idea of the film is influenced by the director’s imagination.

6. Camera “Person” The Cinematographer (or Director of Photography) sets up shots according to the wishes of the director. The Cinematographer (or Director of Photography) sets up shots according to the wishes of the director.

7. Sound The Boom Operator manoeuvers microphones. The Boom Operator manoeuvers microphones. The Sound Recorder records sounds and directs the boom operator. The Sound Recorder records sounds and directs the boom operator.

8. Editor The Picture Editor arranges the shots together into the final form, according to the director's vision of the film. The Picture Editor arranges the shots together into the final form, according to the director's vision of the film. The editor is sometimes called the cutter because he or she selects the best scenes and puts together the individual pictures so that the whole story can be shown. The editor is sometimes called the cutter because he or she selects the best scenes and puts together the individual pictures so that the whole story can be shown.

9. SCRIPTWRITING

10. The PLAN Think of a script as the backbone of your program. Think of a script as the backbone of your program. If you write before you shoot, a script will give your project structure, organization, direction, tone and attitude. Your videos won’t look like monotonous surveillance footage. If you write before you shoot, a script will give your project structure, organization, direction, tone and attitude. Your videos won’t look like monotonous surveillance footage.

11. Keep planning… Writing a script also forces you to think about and visualize your project in advance, which is the best way to solve problems you would have encountered while shooting or editing. Writing a script also forces you to think about and visualize your project in advance, which is the best way to solve problems you would have encountered while shooting or editing. Most video production problems arise from the lack of structure, so organizing your thoughts before the fact becomes even more attractive. Most video production problems arise from the lack of structure, so organizing your thoughts before the fact becomes even more attractive.

12. Having a script will make shooting and editing a snap, and your final product will have a smooth, natural flow. Having a script will make shooting and editing a snap, and your final product will have a smooth, natural flow. Even a short shot list or a few notes on how you want to organize something is a working script. Even a short shot list or a few notes on how you want to organize something is a working script.

13. Getting started… The hardest part of any writing project is the start. The hardest part of any writing project is the start. Write down any random thoughts and ideas, whatever comes to mind. Write down any random thoughts and ideas, whatever comes to mind.

14. The Writing Process…just like English Class! It is all about coming up with an idea It is all about coming up with an idea Writing it down Writing it down Transforming your idea into a working script Transforming your idea into a working script Then later into actual images and sounds on your television set Then later into actual images and sounds on your television set

15. The Idea and the Hook Once you’ve chosen a basic framework for your project (an event, activity, vacation and so on), try to come up with a unique and interesting hook that will make people want to watch. Once you’ve chosen a basic framework for your project (an event, activity, vacation and so on), try to come up with a unique and interesting hook that will make people want to watch.

16. Brainstorm Once you have an idea in place, clear your mind of everything and visualize how you think you would like your project to look and sound. Once you have an idea in place, clear your mind of everything and visualize how you think you would like your project to look and sound. One of the most powerful tools in the world and your most valuable possession is your imagination. One of the most powerful tools in the world and your most valuable possession is your imagination.

17. Brainstorming con’t Brainstorming Rules: Brainstorming Rules: Collect as many ideas as possible from all participants with no criticisms or judgments made while ideas are being generated. Collect as many ideas as possible from all participants with no criticisms or judgments made while ideas are being generated. All ideas are welcome no matter how silly or far out they seem. Be creative. The more ideas the better because at this point you don't know what might work. All ideas are welcome no matter how silly or far out they seem. Be creative. The more ideas the better because at this point you don't know what might work. Absolutely no discussion takes place during the brainstorming activity. Talking about the ideas will take place after brainstorming is complete. Absolutely no discussion takes place during the brainstorming activity. Talking about the ideas will take place after brainstorming is complete. Do not criticize or judge. Don't even groan, frown, or laugh. All ideas are equally valid at this point. Do not criticize or judge. Don't even groan, frown, or laugh. All ideas are equally valid at this point. Do build on others' ideas. Do build on others' ideas. Do write all ideas on a flipchart or board so the whole group can easily see them. Do write all ideas on a flipchart or board so the whole group can easily see them. Set a time limit (i.e., 30 minutes) for the brainstorming. Set a time limit (i.e., 30 minutes) for the brainstorming.

18. Brainstorm Con’t Brainstorming Sequence: Brainstorming Sequence: One team member should review the topic of the brainstorm using "why", "how", or "what" questions. Example: Example: What should we focus on as the content? One team member should review the topic of the brainstorm using "why", "how", or "what" questions. Example: Example: What should we focus on as the content? Everyone should think about the question silently for a few moments. Each person might want to jot down his/her ideas on a sheet of paper. Everyone should think about the question silently for a few moments. Each person might want to jot down his/her ideas on a sheet of paper. Everyone suggests ideas by calling them out. Another way is to go around the room and have each person read an idea from his/her list until all ideas have been written on the board or flipchart. (Note: The team member in charge of the brainstorming session should be enforcing the rules.) Everyone suggests ideas by calling them out. Another way is to go around the room and have each person read an idea from his/her list until all ideas have been written on the board or flipchart. (Note: The team member in charge of the brainstorming session should be enforcing the rules.) One team member writes down all ideas on board or flipchart. One team member writes down all ideas on board or flipchart.

19. Researching Depending on the project you chose to tackle, you may find yourself with some research and pre-production legwork to do. Depending on the project you chose to tackle, you may find yourself with some research and pre-production legwork to do. On movie sets, Associate Producers and Production Assistants take care of this On movie sets, Associate Producers and Production Assistants take care of this

20. You’ve heard it before…KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE As creative videographers, sometimes we forget to do one very important thing: figure out who the audience is going to be and what they’ll get out of your program. As creative videographers, sometimes we forget to do one very important thing: figure out who the audience is going to be and what they’ll get out of your program.

21. SCRIPTS/SCREEN PLAYS http://www.scenariosusa.com/educators/ma kingmovies/ch2.pdf http://www.scenariosusa.com/educators/ma kingmovies/ch2.pdf Handouts for your portfolio/notes to refer to.

22. Do’s and Don’ts of Script Writing Do follow the format (spacing, capitalization etc) Do follow the format (spacing, capitalization etc) Don’t spell words wrong Don’t spell words wrong Do pay attention to punctuation and grammar Do pay attention to punctuation and grammar Don’t be too wordy with dialogue Don’t be too wordy with dialogue Do pay attention to short scenes Do pay attention to short scenes Do leave some freedom for director and actors. Do leave some freedom for director and actors.

23. Commercial Project Project: Project: You and your group are to brainstorm, prepare, and produce a commercial. The commercial must sell a product. The product can be real or fake, but must be your own original idea and must meet the criteria for all FLV 12. You and your group are to brainstorm, prepare, and produce a commercial. The commercial must sell a product. The product can be real or fake, but must be your own original idea and must meet the criteria for all FLV 12. Criteria: Criteria: Absolutely no shorter or longer than 30 seconds! Planning, planning! Absolutely no shorter or longer than 30 seconds! Planning, planning! Group must show evidence of group brainstorm Group must show evidence of group brainstorm Group must show evidence of research of effective commercial techniques Group must show evidence of research of effective commercial techniques Group must submit a proposal Group must submit a proposal Group must submit shooting plan (props, actors, sets, scheduled shoots) Group must submit shooting plan (props, actors, sets, scheduled shoots) Group must submit a DETAILED story board. See your check list Group must submit a DETAILED story board. See your check list Group must submit script (if required) Group must submit script (if required) Group must display effective use of class time Group must display effective use of class time Group must demonstrate daily organizational and note keeping strategies. Group must demonstrate daily organizational and note keeping strategies. Commercial must have credits (don’t forget to credit music if used) Commercial must have credits (don’t forget to credit music if used) Group must complete edited film by _____________________ Group must complete edited film by _____________________

24. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1995/2/95.02.01.x.html #e http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1995/2/95.02.01.x.html #e http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1995/2/95.02.01.x.html #e http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1995/2/95.02.01.x.html #e http://www.media- awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/lessons/elementary/tele vision_radio/teaching_tv_production.cfm http://www.media- awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/lessons/elementary/tele vision_radio/teaching_tv_production.cfm http://www.media- awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/lessons/elementary/tele vision_radio/teaching_tv_production.cfm http://www.media- awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/lessons/elementary/tele vision_radio/teaching_tv_production.cfm http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/goorap/filmandvideo.htm http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/goorap/filmandvideo.htm http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/goorap/filmandvideo.htm