1. Warm Up  Describe the cartoon.  Why is the man in chains?  What are all the tags?  How does this relate to imperialism?

2. Imperialism in China

3. Silk Route

4. Present Day Trade Balance with China

5. A. Imperialism in China  Chinese had firm traditions  stable & secure  looked down at outsiders  strong agricultural economy  foreign traders brought new products – (food) – led to population boom in 1700s  Strong mining and manufacturing  Many natural resources – salt, tin, silver, iron ore  Produced silks, cottons, porcelain

6.  3. Tea/Opium Connection  China was self sufficient  did not need to trade WITH West but did want to trade TO West  British wanted to find a product Chinese would want OPIUM! used as pain reliever in Chinese medicine highly addictive over 12 million were hooked by 1830 Imperialism in China

7. History of Drugs in China  Opium in China Opium in China

9.  “By what right do they (British Merchants) …use the poisonous drug (opium) to injure the Chinese people?...I have heard that the smoking of Opium is strictly forbidden by your country…Since it is not permitted to do harm to your own country, then even less should you let it be passed on to the harm of other countries.”  Lin Zexu, quoted in China’s Response to the West Imperialism in China

10. Opium Wars  Opium Wars Opium Wars

11. Imperialism in China  Opium War  The British refused to stop trading OPIUM  China begins naval battle with British to stop sale of Opium  China easily DEFEATED  Effects  HONG KON G given to G.B.  extraterritorial rights given to GB – exempt from laws at ports

12. Imperialism in China  C. Issues in China  POPULATION had grown dramatically  Food supply lacking  Government CORRUPTION  Opium use INCREASING WHAT’S A NATION TO DO? Overthrow the government, of course! TAIPING REBELLION & BOXER REBELLION

13. Self Strengthening Movement  Effects of Instability in China  Foreigners import resources for MILITARY  China loses trade balance  Increasing WESTERN INFLUENCE  Foreigners attack  Other countries capitalize on China’s weaknesses  Resulting treaties lead to “FOOTHOLDS”—spheres of influence

14. Self Strengthening Movement

15.  Phase 1 – Military  Phase 2 – Economy  Phase 3 – Government

16. Quick review What is ISWhy it is IMPORTANT Opium War Taiping Rebellion Self-Strengthening Movement Open Door Policy Boxer Rebellion

17. Warm-up  “The United States will eventually have to overhaul its archaic, sclerotic education system. At present, poorly prepared high school students flood the job market and universities, creating a logjam … and the universities are burdened by having to create new layers of remedial courses to compensate for the poor high school education system” – Michio Kaku

18. Imperialism in Japan

19. Japan modernizes  1600s - Japan begins isolation from other nations  Shoguns protect and control peasants  Time of peace and prosperity  Traded w/ Chinese and Dutch

20. Japan Changes Direction During the Meiji Era: 1868 - 1912 Commodore Matthew Perry

21. 1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry “Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!

22. What Did the U. S. Want??  Coaling stations.  More trading partners.  A haven for ship-wrecked sailors.

23. Perry’s “Black Ships”

24. Treaty of Kanagawa: 1854  Commodore Matthew Perry steams into Tokyo and demands relations  Japan opens 2 ports for US ships to take on supplies  US sets up embassy

25. The Treaty of Kanagawa - 1854

26. Japan Learns a Lesson! I n 1862, just before the start of the Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai… The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.

27. China’s “Unequal Treaties”  After the Opium War of 1839-1842, Japan was convinced that it had to Open Up to the West.

28. The Shi-shi (“Men of High Purpose”)  Highly idealistic samurai who felt that the arrival of Westerners was an attack on the traditional values of Japan.  They believed that:  Japan was sacred ground.  The emperor, now a figurehead in Kyoto, was a God.  Were furious at the Shogun for signing treaties with the West without the Emperor ’ s consent.  Their slogan  Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians!

29. The Meiji Revolt - 1868  A powerful group of samurai overthrow the Shogun.  Sakamoto Ryoma, the hero.  He helped Japan emerge from feudalism into a unified modern state.

30. The Shogunate Is Overthrown!  The last Shogun.  Tokugawa Yoshinobu.

31. The Emperor Is “Restored” to Power MEIJI  “ Enlightened Rule ”

32. Meiji Era Begins: 1867-1912  “Enlightened Rule” under Emperor Mutsuhito  Mutsuhito believes Japan must adopt western ways to keep westerners out  Massive modernization Emperor Mutsuhito

33. Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s? Enlightened Half-Enlightened Un-Enlightened

34. Modernization by “Selective Borrowing”  Popular board game.  Start by leaving Japan & studying in various Western capitals.  End by returning to Japan and becoming a prominent government official.

35. European Goods  Europe began to “ loom large ” in the thinking of many Japanese.  New slogan: Japanese Spirit; Western Technology!

36. The Japanese Became Obsessed with Western Styles Civilization and Enlightenment!

37. Everything Western Was Fashionable!

38. Japanese soldiers with their wives.

39. The Rulers Set the Tone with Western Dress Emperor Meiji Empress Haruko (1868- 1912)

40. Changing Women’s Fashions 1900 Styles The First “ Miss Japan ” (1908)

41. Meiji Reforms Abolition of the feudal system Land Redistribution Human Rights & Religious Freedom Build a Modern Navy (British) Westernize the School System (Fr. & Ger.) Modernize the Army (Prussian) Emperor Worship Intensified Written Constitution (Germans) Modern Banking System

42. A Constitutional Government Copied from the Germans Satsuma & Choshu Families The Emperor of Japan The Diet (Legislative Body) House of Representatives House of Peers 1889 Constitution of Japan

43. Expansionism & the Rise of Military Power New players on the block?

44. Sino-Japanese war: 1894  Japan attacked Chinese troops in Korea  Japanese destroyed Chinese navy  Drove China out of Korea

45. Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895 The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during the Sino-Japanese War

46. Soldiers on the Battlefield During the Sino-Japanese War The Treaty of Shimonoseki ended the war.

47. Russo-Japanese war: 1904 James Bradley, Flyboys

48. The Russo-Japanese War: 1904-1905 The Battle of Tsushima: The results startled the world!

49. Japan Is a Player in China

50. Russo-Japanese war: 1904  Japan launches surprise attack on Russians off the coast of Manchuria  Russians refuse to stay out of Korea

51. Japan annexes Korea: 1910  1907: Korean king gives up control  1909: Korean Imperial Army disbanded  Japan annexed Korea; keeps it until end of WWII

52. Japan Annexes Korea

53. President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the Peace The Treaty of Portsmouth, NH ended the Russo-Japanese War.

54. L ong-term outcomes of Japanese Imperialism  Japan develops large Pacific empire, major competitor to the West  Japan becomes most industrialized country in Asia  Japan interested in China and will make several attempts to take it In reflection, what did Japan do right and China do wrong when trying to modernize?

55. Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the Horizon

56. The U. S. “Great White Fleet”

57. But, Japanese Power Would Grow...

58. QUICK REVIEW What it ISWhy it is IMPORTANT Treaty of Kanagawa Meiji Era Sino-Japanese War Russo-Japanese War Annexation of Korea

59. Assignment  How do the characters in the movie, The Jungle Book, reflect the actions and intentions of British imperialism in India in the 1800s?  Pay attention to the messages given by each character and how they each may symbolize elements of imperialism.  Select THREE characters you feel most comfortable supporting and present your analysis in an essay. Be sure to provide specific examples from the film to support your analysis. Rudyard Kipling