1. Modernization in Japan

2. I. Japan Ends its Isolation
Japan in isolation (early 17th cent. – mid 19th cent.)
“Closed Country Policy”
China & Dutch ONLY!!
Tokugawa Shogunate

3. A. The Demand for Foreign Trade
Early 19th cent.:
Westerners knock at Japanese door
1853: U.S. Commodore Matthew C. Perry
West Pacific Whaling
Tokyo Bay (4 modern steam-powered warships)
Delivered letter from President Millard Fillmore
Allow free trade (Perry threatened Shogun)
Treaty of Kanagawa (1854):
Japan opened two ports
1860: others followed; extraterritorial rights to foreigners

4. B. Meiji Reform & Modernization
Japanese upset by Shogun’s decision regarding the West
Turned to emperor (Mutsuhito)
1867: Tokugawa Shogun stepped down
Ended military dictatorships (12th cent.)
Mutsuhito took control
Meiji: “enlightened rule”
Meiji Era: Lasted 45 years

5. Meiji Emperor = MODERNIZE!!
Sent diplomats to Europe & N. America
Germany’s strong centralized govt.
German army
British navy
American public education
Industrialization
Railroad (1872)
Coal production rose
Factories (shipbuilding & other)

6. II. Imperial Japan 1890: Japan was strongest military power in Asia!!
Eliminated extraterritorial rights (1894)
Nationalism = Imperialism

7. A. Japan Attacks China Japan Attacks China
1885: Japan & China signed “hands off agreement” concerning Korea
1894: China broke agreement
Sino-Japanese War (Japan won)
Chinese driven out of Korea
Chinese Navy destroyed
Japan in Manchuria
1895 Peace Treaty (gave Japan its first colonies)
Taiwan & Pescadores Islands

8. B. Russo-Japanese War (1904 – 05)
Russia & Japan = MAJOR WORLD POWERS
Manchuria?
1903: Russia refused to stay out of Korea
1904: Japanese surprise attack
Russia driven out of Korea
1905: Peace negotiations
Treaty of Portsmouth (New Hampshire)
Japan received Manchuria

9. C. Japanese Occupation of Korea
1905: Korea made a protectorate of Japan
1910: Japan annexed Korea
Japanese were HARSH!
Korean newspapers?
Korean schools?
Korean farmers?
Japanese industries in Korea