1.  Collect take-home quiz  Bozo Buckets  Motivation background notes  Homework: Reading Quiz  WEDNESDAY  Exam #4  FRIDAY  AP Test Countdown  35 days! (24 school days)

2.  In front of you will be five targets. Each is placed an increasing distance from where you are standing. You have THREE beanbags to toss at the target of your choice.

3.  If you hit target #1: Earn 2 points  Target #2: Earn 4 points  Target #3: Earn 8 points  Target #4: Earn 16 points  Target #5: Earn 32 points

4.  n-Ach: Need for achievement  Desire to overcome obstacles and to meet high standards of excellence  David McClelland (yellow sheet) argues that if you have HIGH n-Ach, you will shoot for the third or fourth bucket  Why?

5.  LOW n-Ach: Select “sure” things AND/OR impossible goals  HIGH n-Ach: Avoid goals that are too easy, but also know limits  Very INTRINSICALLY motivated  Ask yourself: Why are you in the class?  Contributes to the four types of motivation discussed in this chapter

6.  All processes involved in starting, directing, and maintaining physical and psychological activities  Types of motivation:  Hunger  Sexual  Social  Work

7.  Why are we motivated to behave a certain way?  Example:  Are you motivated to consume a Bacon-ator when you are starving in the same way you are motivated to do well in high school and receive college scholarships?

8.  Drive Reduction Theory  What is it?  Motivation comes from our desires to reduce internal drives by meeting our needs  Physiological needs  Food, water, sleep, etc.  Internal drives  Hunger, thirst, exhaustion, etc.

9.  Optimum Arousal Theory  What is it?  People feel motivated to maintain a certain level of arousal, despite a lack of physical drives to do so  Examples: Riding a roller coaster, seeing people after being along all day, attending a concert

10.  Yerkes-Dodson Law (aka “The Inverted U”)  Low and high levels of arousal produce lower performance than moderate arousal

11.  Incentive Theory  What is it?  Motivation is the combination of factors that push us towards something or pull us away from pursuing something  Examples  Detentions and extra credit are used to motivate behavior  Runners run to either beat their own times or to beat other runners

12.  Instinct Theory  What is it?  Automatic innate responses to certain environmental experiences  Examples  Geese fly south for the winter (response) when the weather becomes cold (environment)  Babies search for food (response) when something touches their face (environment)

13.  Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs  What is it?  Abraham Maslow’s argument that we are motivated to achieve certain basic needs before pursuing higher psychological needs  Example  People do not want to work on their marriage problems when they are starving and homeless