1. Intercultural Communication
BBA-III

3. Contextual Ethical Social nonverbal
Recognizing cultural differences The greater the difference between culture, the greater the chances of misunderstanding. We can improve intercultural sensitivity by recognizing and accommodating four main types of cultural differences
Contextual
Ethical
Social
nonverbal

4. Contextual differences
Cultural context is basically of two types.
High context culture
Low context culture
Contextual differences are apparent in the way culture approaches situation such as:
Decision making practices
Problem solving techniques
Negotiating styles

5. Legal and ethical difference
Legal system differ from culture to culture.
Ethical choices can be even more complicated when communicating across culture

6. Social differences
Social behavior is another distinguishing factor among cultures. In any culture, rules of social etiquette may be formal and informal. Some are like:
Attitude toward materialism
Roles and status
Use of manners
Concept of time

7. Non-verbal differences
Nonverbal communication is another very important factor while recognizing culture differences.
Some concepts of nonverbal differences are:
Concept of personal space
Use of body language

8. Effective intercultural communication
Cultural awareness
Recognizing differences
Cultural flexibility
Cultural sensitivity
Effective intercultural communication
Communication skills
Cultural language
Overcoming barriers
Cultural techniques
Developing written/oral skills
Cultural exposure
Studying other cultures

9. Cultural flexibility
Avoid assumptions
Avoid judgment

10. Cultural exposure Tips for communicating more effectively.
Assume difference until similarity is proved.
Withhold judgment
Show respect
Look beyond the superficial
Be patient
Be flexible
Send clear messages

11. Cultural languages Avoid using slang and idioms
Pay attention to local accents and pronunciation
Respect preferences for communication styles
Learn a foreign language

12. Cultural techniques developing written/oral skills
Improve your writing skills- Use plain English, be clear, avoid slang and idioms, be brief. Improve oral skills- Try to eliminate noise, look for feedback, speak slowly, don't talk down to other person, use objective; accurate language

13. Intercultural training
It is necessary for-
Understanding intercultural differences.
Maximization of potential on the global stage.
Developing skill and approaches to deal with cross culture.
Business growth.

14. Types of intercultural training
Youth cross cultural training
Business and culture
Corporate leadership training

15. The Chinese-German team
Case study
The Chinese-German team

16. Introduction
Research and development (R&D) is based in Germany, and production is based in China. The business is starting to be profitable. But tensions develop in the team, and an external consultant is brought in to analyze the situation. This is what she report after interviewing representatives from both sides.

17. The German manager’s view of the Chinese
Our Chinese colleagues seems to be keen to learn and open-minded, but they aren’t prepared to take responsibility or follow agreed procedures, they think in hierarchical way and there is very little horizontal communication. They seem reluctant to make independent decisions. They have started to turn up late to meeting or not come at all. When we ask them about a problem, they often beat about the bush, and it is very difficult to know what they are really thinking. They smile politely and say yes, but don’t do anything. We’ve hired quit a few new Chinese colleagues but, although they have excellent qualifications on paper, we’ve been disappointed with their performance. The other issue is loyalty. We hire them, train them and they leave and join one of our competitors.”

18. The Chinese manager’s view of the Germans
“ the Germans are excellent planners, and very logical. We like their focus on quality and straightforward approach. On the other hand, they don’t seem to trust us. They don’t give us any real responsibility. Instead, they set up complicated processes that just slow everything down and stop us from reaching our targets. They waste time with too many meeting. They are never available when we need them- they often seem to be away on holiday. If we can’t get an answer to our question quickly, we have a problem with the deadlines that they have set for us and keep insisting on. Maybe there are too many temptations in Shanghai. They complain about the Chinese stealing Western know-how but, at the same time, if they have a few hours free before their flight to Germany, they go to the fake market and buy watches and clothing for their family and friends.”

19. Case study analysis Responsibility Decision making Meeting Directness
Educational background
Work and private life

20. Recommendations
The consultant advise her clients to think about the following points:
Time has to be invested in discussing people’s expectations of one another and agreeing on how everyone wants to works together. Some flexibility on both sides is desirable.
Different management styles; agree on an appropriate style for the whole team.
Trust between the parties.
Western companies hiring Chinese staff should seek local advice on what the qualification mean. The German side need to make sure they ask someone to stand in for them when they are out of the office.