1. Black Death (1300s)

2. Yersinia pestis

5. Plague Black Death – An event; one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of 75-200 million people Pandemic – epidemic of infectious disease attacking human populations that spreads across multiple continents or around the world Plague – deadly infectious disease caused by the bacterium Y. pestis – Pneumonic plague (coughing; attacks lungs) – Bubonic plague (buboes; attacks lymph nodes)

7. Distribution Began in China sometime during the 1330s Spread throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe within 20 years Increased trade distributed the plague rapidly Y. pestis  Fleas  Rats  Ships  Everywhere

9. Siege of Caffa Major trading city on the Black Sea (Eastern Europe) Mongols invade Caffa (today in Crimea, Ukraine) hoping to control this trade in 1347 Catapulted plague-infected corpses over the castle walls

10. Examples of Trade

11. Junk Chinese sailing ship made of teak wood Flat sails (similarly used in windsurfing) for quick and sturdy travel

12. Cog Baltic sailing ship made of oak wood Single mast with a square-shaped sail

13. Galley Mediterranean ship with oars and sails Mainly used for rowing in European seas

14. Packhorse Any horse, mule, donkey, or pony used for carrying goods on their backs

15. Pannier A basket, bag, or other container holding goods on the back of an animal