1. Sterility, Asepsis and Universal Precautions Health Science Technology

3. Asepsis: literally, means “free of dirt” In reality, it is the simple method of preventing the spread of undesirable microorganisms (germs) by washing hands and observing other simple hygiene methods. Other methods: cleaning under nails, wearing protective garments and facemasks and eye shields. Cleaning other contact surfaces (fomites) by disinfection.

5. Pathogens vs. non-pathogens Microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, spores, ricketsiae, viruses. Disinfection means killing microorganisms on inanimate surfaces (fomites) Antisepsis involves killing microorganisms on living tissues that are either injured or getting surgery

6. The autoclave A mechanical pressure cooker that kills all living organisms and their spores by high temperature and high pressure. Either modality alone would not be as effective as the two in combination.

8. Bacteria on a Petri dish after incubation

9. Mode of transmission/airborne

10. Contact transmission

11. Fluid exchange bodily fluids

12. Injection of microorganisms directly

13. Fungi in culture medium (molds, algae, yeasts and fungi)

14. Viruses: obligate intracellular parasites that can only replicate in other cells

15. Rickettsial diseases carried by ticks, fleas, lice or any insect. Ex. Typhus and Rocky Mtn. spotted fever

16. Shapes of Bacteria

19. Chemical/cold sterilization

20. Ultrasonic sterilization

22. Transfer forceps

23. Wrapping instruments for autoclaving

25. Indicator tape for sterilization

27. Hand washing for surgery

29. Wound isolation precautions/surgery

30. Disposal of medical waste

31. Disposal of “sharps”

32. Sterile wound changing/suture removal

35. MRS MRSA

36. strep

38. Rheumatic fever and strep in kids

39. Staphlococcus; abscess former,pus

40. Staph abscess; MRSA!

41. Incubators; 98.6 degrees, 24 hours

42. Incision and drainage

43. I and D with universal precautions

44. Culture and sensitivity

45. The sensitivity to antibiotics of a C & S Kirby Bauer Method

46. I & D then C & S then prescribe the right antibiotic

47. Prophylactic use of antibiotics Antibiotics and virus’ Side effects of antibiotics Superinfections Common cold and influenza Vaccines for virus’ to juice up your immune system Antibiotic resistance growing each year

48. Nosocomial Infections Those we give to our patients About 400,000 patients without infections enter U.S. hospitals annually and contract an infection there. About ¼ of them die MRSA’s Methicillin resistant stapholococcus aureas most often Breaking the chain of infection

49. MRSA

51. SUPERBUGS!

52. mmrsa

53. Methicillin resistent staphlococcus aureus (MRSA’s) one type of superbug Others include klebsiella, pseudomonas, neisseria gonorrhea, salmonella, tuberculosis, E. Coli, clostridium, and new ones every year!!

54. The more we use antibiotics, the less they work; bacteria getting smarter!

57. Wound isolation/quaratine hosts of superbugs

58. Self checking our walls, autoclaves, instruments for superbugs!

59. Treatment for MRSA’s Prevention Washing hands of healthcare workers Avoid use of prophylactic antibiosis prior to C & S Destroy medical waste Reduce surgical incision size and time of exposure Autoclave only Select healthier patients or build up resistance first Avoid overuse of immunosuppressanats (cortisone)

62. Strep Throat (risk of rheumatic fever)

63. Tatoo infections

64. Ebola virus epidemic