1. Australia & New Zealand Chapter #31

2. I. Australia A. Landform Regions:
Great Dividing Range (Continental Divide)
Central Lowlands
Western Plateau
(covers 2/3 of Aust.)

3. The Great Barrier Reef (NE Queensland)
World’s largest coral reef system
>1,200 mi. long
National Park (1975)
(Great Barrier Reef Marine Park)

4. B. Climates Desert continent w/green edges 2/3 = arid/semiarid
The Outback =
the dry interior
Why so dry:
Subtropical high pressure
Low elevation
Rain shadow effect

5. C. Wildlife Endemic species = native species Marsupials =
mammals that have pouches
to carry their young
Wallaby
Koala
Kangaroo

6. Wallace’s Line: Line separating Asian species & Australian species
Continental drift isolated Australia & New Guinea from other continents

7. Exotic Species in Australia:
Prickly Pear Cacti
European Rabbit
Red Fox
Cane Toad (Queensland)
Have no natural predators &
threaten native wildlife

8. D. History Aborigines = Australia’s native pop. 1788: British colonize
Nomadic lifestyle
300,000 – 1mill. originally
1788: British colonize
Sydney = penal colony
1851: Gold Rush
Aborigines died of Euro disease
and lost land
Today = 1% of Aust. pop (suffer from substance abuse)

9. E. Population Info. 92% = European, 7% Asian, 1% Aborigine
Majority religion = Christian (90%)
Literacy rate = 99% (per capita GDP = $42,000)
Official language = English w/unique Aussie words
Some common Aussie words & meanings:
Biscuit = cookie
Clicks = miles per hour
Dunny = restroom w/only a toilet
Esky = ice chest
G’day = hello
Shark biscuit = inexperienced surfer

10. F. Settlement
High pop densities = southeastern coast (Marine-West-Coast)
Major cities grew as ports during colonial times
85% of pop is urban
Few in the interior?
Capital = Canberra

11. G. Economics Developed country w/free market economy
based on services & exporting raw materials
World leader in mining (uranium)
Ag exporter (wool, meat, wheat) (farmland = 6%)
Has 15% of world’s sheep (30% of world’s wool)
Trade w/Asia & US

12. II. New Zealand A. Natural Environments: Located on Ring of Fire
Mountainous topography
North & South Islands
Climate = Marine West Coast
Kiwi = endemic flightless bird
Has many exotic species

13. B. Natural Resources Main resource = farmland (>50%)
Little mineral wealth (impact?)
Renewable Energy:
Hydropower (65% of electricity)
Geothermal

14. C. History 1769: settled by British Natives of New Zealand = Maori
Better organized/united
Acculturated into Western society
Most are urbanized
Make up >14% of pop
Have more land rights than Abs.
Maintain cultural histories
Video of the haka

15. New Zealand All Blacks:. have won >75% of rugby matches since 1903
New Zealand All Blacks: *have won >75% of rugby matches since 1903 *have held the top ranking in the world for longer than all other countries combined
Another haka video

16. Haka with interpretation

17. D. Settlement & Economy 75% live on North Island Capital = Wellington
Primate City = Auckland
*at least twice as large
as the next largest city
Modern free market
industrial economy

18. CANE TOAD VIDEO
Video 1
Video 2
Video 3
Video 4
Video 5