1. Polyurea Technology Overview
Presented by: John Durig 1st Annual TRFA Meeting November 10, 2003
WATERPROOFING: PARKING DECKS AND MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT ROOM SLIDE PRESENTATION

2. Polyurea Overview History Chemistry Equipment for spraying
Surface prep and priming
Comparison of epoxy, urethane elastomers and polyurea
Waterproofing is the treatment of a surface making it impervious to water. This is most often achieved through the use of water barriers on the positive side of exposure.

3. Polyurea Overview Advantages of polyurea systems Applications
Case histories
Challenges for raw material suppliers
Summary
Waterproofing is the treatment of a surface making it impervious to water. This is most often achieved through the use of water barriers on the positive side of exposure.

4. Polyurea History 1981 – developed for automotive RIM parts
1987 – polyurea spray technology introduced by Texaco
1988 – first commercial usage as an in-field coating
1993 – several formulators enter market
Waterproofing is the treatment of a surface making it impervious to water. This is most often achieved through the use of water barriers on the positive side of exposure.

5. Basic Chemistry Amine + Aromatic Isocyanate yields Aromatic Polyurea
Amine + Aliphatic Isocyanate yields Aliphatic Isocyanate
No metal catalysts required
Waterproofing is the treatment of a surface making it impervious to water. This is most often achieved through the use of water barriers on the positive side of exposure.

6. Basic Chemistry MIX RATIO IS CRITICAL! Amines Isocyanates
Polyester diamines
MDI prepolymers
Polyaspartic esters
HDI prepolymers
Aliphatic diamines
IPDI
Cyclaliphatic diamines
Amine adducts
Hindered amines
Waterproofing is the treatment of a surface making it impervious to water. This is most often achieved through the use of water barriers on the positive side of exposure.
MIX RATIO IS CRITICAL!

7. Application Equipment
Plural component
High pressure (1,500 – 3,000 psi)
High temperature (140 – 170°F)
Impingement systems
1:1 mix ratio
Waterproofing is the treatment of a surface making it impervious to water. This is most often achieved through the use of water barriers on the positive side of exposure.

8. Equipment Manufacturers
Gusmer
Graco
Glass Craft
Spray Tech
AST
Waterproofing is the treatment of a surface making it impervious to water. This is most often achieved through the use of water barriers on the positive side of exposure.

9. Applications: Stadium, balconies, walkways, ramps, parking decks, mechanical equipment rooms, below grade, tank lings, manholes, kitchens, showers. This discussion will focus on mechanical equipment rooms and parking decks.

10. Surface Preparation
Concrete: follow manufacturer’s recommendations: SHOTBLAST
Steel: Minimum SP 10/NACE 2 with a 3 mil profile for immersion service
Applications: Stadium, balconies, walkways, ramps, parking decks, mechanical equipment rooms, below grade, tank lings, manholes, kitchens, showers. This discussion will focus on mechanical equipment rooms and parking decks.

11. Priming Concrete: should be primed and sealed to reduce outgassing
Carbon Steel: does not require primer
Stainless Steel, Galvanized Steel, Aluminum and other Substrates:
- See manufacturer
Applications: Stadium, balconies, walkways, ramps, parking decks, mechanical equipment rooms, below grade, tank lings, manholes, kitchens, showers. This discussion will focus on mechanical equipment rooms and parking decks.

12. Comparison of Epoxy, Polyurethane Elastomers and Polyurea
Bis A Epoxy
PU Elastomer
Polyurea
Tensile
7,000 psi
1,000 psi
3,000 psi
Elongation
ASTM D4541
1 %
500 %
425 %
Compressive Strength
ASTM D 695
10,000 psi
N/A
Abrasion Resistance
ASTM D 4060
100 mg Loss
42 mg Loss
6.2 mg Loss
Flammability
ASTM E-84
Class A*
Flame spread 0
Smoke Density 0
Class B
Flame Spread > 25
Class A
Flame Spread 10
Smoke Density 35
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

13. Comparison of Epoxy, Polyurethane Elastomers and Polyurea, cont.
Bis A Epoxy
PU Elastomer
Polyurea
Hardness
ASTM D 2240
Shore D 85
Shore D 40-60
Shore D 40-80
Application Temp. F F F
Impact Resistance
ASTM D 2794
F160, R80 LBS
> 160 Lbs.
F and R
Permeability ASTM E 96
.16 perm-in.
.080 perm-in.
.02 perm-in.
Dry Time
8 Hours
6 Hours
45 Seconds
Full Cure
7 Days
72 Hours
3 Hours
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

14. Advantages of Polyurea
Fast cure: little down time
No solvents, VOCs and low odor
Application at -20°F to 350°F
1:1 mix ratio preferred
Excellent physical properties
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

15. Advantages of Polyurea, cont.
High abrasion resistance
Flexible and tough
No low temperature embrittlement (-40°F)
Excellent adhesion (1,500 – 2,000+ psi carbon steel)
Repairs quickly at low temp – brush grade
Single high build systems
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

16. Limitations & Precautions
Color stability of aromatic systems
Evaluate concrete moisture levels
Surface preparation requirements
Chemical resistance should always be verified
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

17. Polyurea Applications
Parking decks
Cooling towers
Mechanical equipment rooms
Potable water tanks
Manhole repair
Aquariums
Stadiums
Fish hatcheries
Rail cars
Blast resistant coatings
Wastewater treatment plants
Dump truck linings
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

18. Polyurea Applications
Warehouse floors
Roofing
Pulp and paper plants
Freezers
Pipe coatings
Ship decking
Submerged pilings
Crude oil storage
Airport glycol tanks
Mine walls
Joint sealants
OEM applications
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

19. Gold Bar WWTP Sedimentation Tank Installer: Desco Coatings of Alberta
Planter areas removed.

20. The Warehouse Club Parking Ramp Installer: Spectrum Contracting Corp, Grafton, WI
Planter areas removed.

21. Motorola Emergency Water Storage Tank Installer: Mobile Enterprises, Fort Worth, TX
Planter areas removed.

22. Challenges for Raw Material Suppliers
Polyurea technology will take market share from traditional urethanes and epoxies
Market needs
Improved chemical resistance
Solvents
Strong acids
Oxidizing agents
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

23. Challenges for Raw Material Suppliers
Market needs, cont.
Slower systems
Reduces overspray issues
Improves film appearance
Improves substrate wetting
Reduces film build requirements
Improve color stability
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

24. Summary
Polyurea formulation and application technology have vastly improved over the last 10 years. Growth of this technology will be at the expense of traditional resin systems. This will occur because of the benefit of rapid return to service in combination with performance benefits including low perm rating, outstanding adhesion and toughness.
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.

25. Summary, cont.
The use of polyurea technology could be dramatically increased if the limitations created by fast cure and limited chemical resistance are overcome by formulators and raw material suppliers.
Successful application requires attention to appropriate surface preparation, priming and maintaining proportioning equipment.
Concrete, one of the primary construction materials, contains water, is porous and will allow water to pass through given the proper conditions. Changes in temperature cause concrete to expand and contract, and concrete will invariably crack as a result of stress or vibration.