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Causes of WWII The Continuation of the Great War.

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Presentation on theme: "Causes of WWII The Continuation of the Great War."— Presentation transcript:

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2 Causes of WWII The Continuation of the Great War

3 The Axis Powers GERMANY, ITALY, JAPAN

4 Cause Nationalism Forms of Fascism (state is important) Weakness of the League of Nations No army to stop AXIS Appeasement LoN says, “Don’t do it again…” Do not want war Rebuilding from Depression For US: It’s a European affair

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6 Aggression by totalitarian powers GERMANY Rhineland AUS CZECH POL BEL FRA ITALY Ethiopia JAPAN Manchuria China Korea

7 THE RHINELAND Following the First World War of the early 20th century, the western part of Rhineland was occupied by Entente forces, then demilitarized under the Treaty of Versailles. German forces reoccupied the territory in 1936, as part of a diplomatic test of will, three years before the outbreak of the Second World War.

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9 MAJOR LEADERS OF WWII AXIS POWERS

10 GER – ADOLF HITLER

11 ITALY – BENITO MUSSOLINI

12 JAPAN – TOJO & HIROHITO TOJO - MILITARYHIROHITO - EMPEROR

13 MAJOR LEADERS ALLIES

14 GB – WINSTON CHURCHILL

15 FRA - CHARLES de GAULLE

16 USSR – JOSEPH STALIN

17 US - FDR

18 US - HARRY TRUMAN

19 BERNARD MONTGOMERY GB GENERAL

20 DWIGHT EISENHOWER US GEN. SUPREME ALLIED COMMANDER

21 Douglas MacArthur US Commander in the Pacific

22 THE WAR IN EUROPE START OF WWII

23 Invasion of Poland Non-Aggression Pact Hitler and Stalin pledge to split up Poland and not attack each other World War II began with Hitler’s invasion of Poland in 1939, followed by the Soviet Union’s invasion of Poland and the Baltic countries from the east.

24 BETRAYAL! In mid-1941, Hitler turned on his former partner and invaded the Soviet Union.

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27 Battle of Britain (video) Blitzkrieg by Luftwaffe of London (57 days) Continuous bombing of Britain RAF fends off attacks Hitler retreats

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31 US Neutrality First two years of the war, the United States stayed officially neutral while Germany overran France and most of Europe and pounded Britain from the air (the Battle of Britain).

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35 TIME TO HELP OUT YET?

36 CASH & CARRY… Despite strong isolationist sentiment at home, the United States increasingly helped Britain. It gave Britain war supplies and old naval warships in return for military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean.

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40 LEND – LEASE ACT Gave the U.S. President authority to sell or lend equipment to countries to defend themselves against the Axis powers. F.D.R. compared it to “Lending a garden hose to a next-door neighbor whose house is on fire.”

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43 The War in Asia, Strategies, & US Involvement

44 Militaristic Japan During the 1930s, a militaristic Japan invaded and brutalized Manchuria and China for military and economic domination over Asia.

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46 Embargo The United States refused to recognize Japanese conquests in Asia Imposed an embargo (stop) on exports of oil and steel to Japan. Tensions rose, but both countries negotiated to avoid war.

47 Attack! While negotiating with the United States and without warning, Japan carried out an air attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941. The attack destroyed much of the American Pacific fleet and killed several thousand Americans.

48 Result Within 2 hours Japan sank 5 battleships and destroyers, destroyed 250 planes and killed about 2,500 people with 1500 wounded. Roosevelt called it “a date that will live in infamy” as he asked Congress to declare war on Japan.

49 Pearl Harbor

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53 Results After Pearl Harbor, Hitler honored a pact with Japan and declared war on the United States. The debates about isolationism in the United States were over. World War II was now a true world war, and the United States was fully involved.

54 Allied Strategy - Who do we attack first?? America and its allies (Britain, and the Soviet Union after being invaded by Germany) followed a “Defeat Hitler First” strategy. Most American military resources were targeted for Europe. Only a few to China Germany was a bigger threat If Britain lost, then Germany could take the world.

55 Pacific Campaign Strategy American military strategy called for an “island hopping” campaign Taking islands closer and closer to Japan Using them as bases for air attacks on Japan Cutting off Japanese supplies through submarine warfare against Japanese shipping.

56 Japan Strategy - Asia Following Pearl Harbor, Japan invaded the Philippines and Indonesia and planned to invade both Australia and Hawaii. Its leaders hoped that America would then accept Japanese power in Southeast Asia and the Pacific, rather than conduct a bloody and costly war to reverse Japanese gains.

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59 Germany Strategy - Europe Germany hoped to defeat the Soviet Union quickly Gain control of Soviet oil fields Force Britain out of the war through a bombing campaign and submarine warfare Before America’s industrial and military strength could turn the tide.

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