1. Office of Environmental Health and Safety
Hazard Communication, Lab Safety and Regulated Waste Awareness Training
Office of Environmental Health and Safety
Hunter College of CUNY

2. Overview Understanding mandates of
a. Hazard Communication (29 CFR ) ,
b. Lab Safety Standard or Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories (29 CFR ) and
c. Hazardous Waste Awareness by EPA’s Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).

3. Hazard Communication = Right-To- Know Training
OSHA’s Hazard Communication or Right-To-Know

4. Hazard Communication
 Hazard communication (3 W’s and One H) Do you know: Where to find information concerning the hazards of the chemicals present in your work area? When to use a laboratory chemical hood? How to select appropriate eye protection? What about gloves? What to do in case you are involved in a fire or chemical emergency?
These are information that you need to know to help you do your work in the safest manner possible.
It is also information that you have a right to know under OSHA standards enacted to protect your health and safety through better communication, better training, and better work practices.

5. OSHA’s Hazard Communication Program
The Hazard Communication Standard was created to:
Ensure that the hazards of all chemicals produced or imported are evaluated,
Transmit all information to all employees.
When was it established, What agency oversees, the purpose of the regulation

6. Information Requirements
Employees must be informed of:
Requirements of the Hazard Communication Standard. Employer: Notification, Information, Record-keeping
Health effects (Acute Vs. Chronic)
Operations in work areas where there are hazardous chemicals. Labs, shops, storage and preparation rooms.
Location/availability of written Hazard Communication Program. EHS Office at HE-1211A

7. Training Requirements
Employees must be trained on the following:
Methods to detect the presence. (Labels, MSDS)
Physical and health hazards of chemicals in work area. (Health, Flammability, Reactivity, etc.)
Personal protection

8. Where will you find chemicals at Hunter College of CUNY?
Cleaning supplies
Bleach, ammonia, detergents
Paint Shop
Paints, paint thinners and strippers
Laboratories
Assorted chemicals and chemical waste
Mechanical Rooms / Boiler Rooms
Oils, grease, cleaners

9. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
                                                                 

10. Material Safety Data Sheets
  A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a valuable reference.
IMPORTANT: Consult an MSDS before introducing a new chemical into a lab protocol or working with hazardous substances.
You should become familiar with MSDS of a Chemical/Material you are working with.
You may request copies of these materials from your supervisor or from the Office of Environmental Health and Safety.

11. Where can you find an MSDS for a chemical?
An MSDS MUST be available anywhere a chemical is used or stored
Each person must know how and where to find an MSDS in the immediate area
An MSDS should be included with the purchase of a chemical. Many are available online.
Ask EH&S if you have having difficulty locating an MSDS or getting one from a manufacturer.
IMPORTANT: Refer to and click MSDS Icon to search for a copy of a material’s MSDS.

12. Sections of MSDS Product Identification / Ingredients Hazards
First Aid
Fire Fighting
Release Measures
Handling / Storage
Personal Protection Equipment
Physical / Chemical Properties
Toxicology
Disposal / Transport Information

13. Product Identification / Ingredients
Chemical name, trade name, synonyms
CAS (Chemical Abstract Service) Number
Molecular Formula / Molecular Weight
Ingredients and Percentages

14. Hazards Warning Phrases
Danger! Flammable! Corrosive!
NFPA Ratings (0-4) for Health, Flammability, Reactivity, Special/Other
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation, skin contact, ingestion, chronic exposure

15. First Aid Information on what do in case of an exposure by Inhalation
Ingestion
Skin Contact
Eye Contact

16. Fire Fighting Information
Flash point
Auto ignition temperature
Type of fire extinguisher to use

17. Handling/Storage
Ideal/preferred storage conditions (humidity and temperature)
Ventilation
Store away from incompatibles
Flammables / Corrosives cabinets

18. PPE
Know what Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is available and where to get it.
Gloves
Eye protection (safety glasses, goggles)
Apron / coveralls
And Sometimes, Respiratory Protection
Some people may be sensitive or allergic to latex gloves…

19. Physical / Chemical Properties
Color
Odor
Specific Gravity pH
Boiling & Melting Points
Vapor Density & Pressure
Solubility
Decomposition Products / Polymerization
Incompatibilities

20. Toxicology
Hazardous substances It is especially important to consult the Material Safety Data Sheets when working with substances that OSHA has classified as "health hazards." These include: Carcinogens. Substances that may cause cancer in humans and animals under certain conditions. An example is chromic acid. Corrosives. Substances that cause visible destruction or permanent change to skin tissue on contact. An example is hydrochloric acid. Hepatotoxins. Substances that may cause damage to the liver. An example is chloroform. Mutagens. Substances that may cause changes in the genetic material of cells. An example is ethidium bromide. Nephrotoxins. Substances that may cause damage to the kidneys. An example is acetonitrile. Neurotoxins. Substances that are harmful to the nervous system. An example is acrylamide. Teratogens. Substances that may affect the development of an embryo or fetus. An example is formamide.

21. Disposal / Transport DOT shipping information
RCRA hazardous waste information and waste codes

22. Release Measures
Measures to take if this material is released to the environment
Reportable Quantities
Coast Guard National Response Center (NRC)

23. Medical conditions and symptoms
Medical conditions and symptoms You should talk with your supervisor or doctor if you are working with hazardous chemicals and - You are taking medication You are pregnant You have a medical condition such as chronic allergy. And, always see your physician if you develop symptoms or an illness that could be associated with your laboratory work.

24. Consulting safety data sheets
Consulting safety data sheets Example: MSDS for Chromic Acid

25. Labels
Every bottle ordered and received should come with an affixed label containing:
Name of product and constituents
Hazards
Manufacturer’s Name and CAS Number

27. NFPA Hazard Diamond
CUNY HazCom

28. User Labeling
EVERY bottle must be labeled to identify its contents (even soap and water, if there is no original label)
You may use a piece of tape, a sharpie, or print out a label
As long as it is clearly legible and includes the commonly recognized name of the contents (not the chemical formula) and its hazard(s)
Rubbing Alcohol
Flammable

29. Chemical Storage
Chemical storage Safe storage of chemicals is a necessity in every laboratory. It will: Provide for effective management of chemicals Lessen the risk of fire Prevent accidental mixing of incompatible chemicals in emergencies Minimize exposure to corrosive and toxic chemicals. Safe chemical storage may seem to be a matter of common sense. Yet in fact, it requires an awareness of each chemical's potential hazards, and a lot of thought.

30. Rules of thumb for safe storage
                       
 Rules of thumb for safe storage
                                               
 Rules of thumb for safe storage
1. Store chemicals that can ignite at room temperature in a flammables cabinet. If flammable chemicals require cold storage, store only in refrigerators approved for such use Storage areas for corrosive, toxic, flammable, and highly reactive chemicals should be near a laboratory chemical hood to encourage use of the hood when transferring chemicals Store only cleaning materials directly under the sink Never store liquid hazardous chemicals above eye level Store heavy chemical containers on lower shelves, not on the floor Store chemicals on shelves with raised edges.

31. Safe Storage Handling and Disposal of Peroxide-Forming Chemicals
- Do not store more chemicals than you will need over a reasonable period Peroxide-forming chemicals should be
labeled showing (Date of Receipt, Date of Opening).
Use this label:
- Never store highly reactive chemicals for longer than 6 months Never store a chemical with an obscured or missing label Separate chemicals into compatible groups and store alphabetically within the groups Designate separate storage areas for highly toxic chemicals.
WARNING-PEROXIDE FORMER
This material will form explosive peroxides during storage and must not be kept for more than _____months after opening. (see Peroxide Policy at
Date Received_____________ Date Opened _____________ Discard unopened container 12 months after receipt. Call EH&S at ext for disposal.
DO NOT USE IF OPENED MORE THAN ________MONTHS.

32. Dry Chemical Storage Dry chemical storage
Dry chemicals can be stored together. To ensure compatibility, keep organic and inorganic chemicals segregated.
Liquid chemical storage The first step is to determine the major storage groups such as acids, bases, flammables, oxidizers, and highly toxic chemicals.
Acids. Acids should be stored in trays that will catch any spill and provide adequate segregation.
Organic acids, organic bases, and flammables. Organic acids and organic bases may be stored with the flammables, but acid resistant plastic trays must carefully segregate them.
Oxidizers. Oxidizers are highly reactive. They should be separated from other chemicals.  

33. Highly toxic chemicals
- Toxic materials like carcinogens and reproductive hazards should be stored in a separate cabinet Volatile toxic materials should be stored in an enclosure An inventory should be kept of all highly toxic and highly reactive chemicals.

34. PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
Always protect your eyes Safety glasses with side eye shields, splash goggles, and full face shields offer varying degrees of protection against splattering chemicals and airborne objects.
Choose safety glasses with side eye shields when there is a splash hazard with a small quantity of a hazardous chemical.
                                                

35. PPE (Goggles, Face shields)
                                                
Goggles Wear goggles when you are handling a chemical that is highly caustic or in a larger volume, perhaps a liter or more. Face shields Wear a face shield when you are handling a very large volume of a hazardous chemical, or when you need to protect your face and your eyes.

36. PPE (Gloves)
Gloves Wearing gloves is a simple and effective way to protect yourself from chemical contact, but the gloves must be resistant to the specific chemical with which you are working. No glove material is impermeable to all chemicals, therefore, the most effective practice in using protective gloves is to change them frequently and whenever they are contaminated.

37. Chemical spill on clothes remove contaminated clothes,
Emergency Procedures
Emergency Procedures
Eye Splash
15 mins eye shower,
keep lids open,
consult a physician/opthalmologist.
Chemical spill on clothes
remove contaminated clothes,
activate emergency shower,
remove shoes,
consult a physician.

38. Lab Safety Standard Training
Lab Safety Standard or Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories (29 CFR )

39. OSHA Lab Standard, 29 CFR
A standard (may 1, 1990) for occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in industrial, clinical and academic laboratories
Provide work practices, procedures and policies to ensure the protection of employees from potentially hazardous chemicals in use in their work area.
Requires a Chemical Hygiene Plan

40. Chemical Hygiene Plan
 Chemical Hygiene Plan Hunter College has a written Chemical Hygiene Plan. The Plan conveys the hazards of chemicals which may be present in your work area, and describes appropriate work practices, procedures and controls which are in place to protect you from those hazards. You should become familiar with the Chemical Hygiene Plan or other laboratory safety documents. You may request copies of these materials from:
1) supervisor or
2) Environmental Health and Safety office.

41. What is a Hazardous Chemical?
Two Types of Hazards
Physical Hazard
Flammables/Combustibles
Corrosives
Reactives
Health Hazard
Causing acute or chronic health effects
(Neurotoxin, carcinogen, mutagen, teratogen, infectious agents.)

42. Physical Hazards

43. Physical Hazards
Research employee injuries, * The most common serious injuries: cuts due to careless use of razor blades.

44. Physical Hazards
Laboratory support injuries, * The most common serious injuries: strains and fractures due to falls and improper lifting of heavy objects

45. Physical Hazards
Administrative support injuries, * The most common serious injuries: strains and fractures due to falls and improper lifting of heavy objects.

46. Physical Hazards
Hazards Respect the dangers of high voltage, ultraviolet light, heat sources, and cryogenic materials
When transporting hazardous substances, make certain that the containers are sealed and use secondary containers. Try not to take routine manipulations for granted, especially those involving glass, needles, or sharps.
And, if you are fatigued or distracted, take a break, relax and refocus. If you notice any unsafe conditions or have an accident or injury, talk with your supervisor.
                                                

47. Health Hazards
Hazardous substances It is especially important to consult the Material Safety Data Sheets when working with substances that OSHA has classified as "health hazards." These include: Carcinogens. Substances that may cause cancer in humans and animals under certain conditions. An example is chromic acid. Corrosives. Substances that cause visible destruction or permanent change to skin tissue on contact. An example is hydrochloric acid. Hepatotoxins. Substances that may cause damage to the liver. An example is chloroform. Mutagens. Substances that may cause changes in the genetic material of cells. An example is ethidium bromide. Nephrotoxins. Substances that may cause damage to the kidneys. An example is acetonitrile. Neurotoxins. Substances that are harmful to the nervous system. An example is acrylamide. Teratogens. Substances that may affect the development of an embryo or fetus. An example is formamide.

48. Routes of Exposure Breathing (inhalation)
Skin contact (dermal absorption)
Swallowing (ingestion)
Puncture (injection)

49. What should you do if you spill a chemical or find a spilled chemical?

50. Small Spill Clean up a spill only if you:
Are familiar with the substance that was spilled
Know the substance’s toxicity
Have adequate personal protective equipment
Feel completely comfortable cleaning it up

51. Large Spill
For a large spill that requires assistance to clean up, call:
Environmental Health and Safety X 4462
Public Safety X 4444

52. Spill Kits
A spill kit should be available in all areas where chemicals are stored or used
The spill kit should contain (at a minimum):
Gloves & Goggles
Absorbent / Neutralizer
Scoop / mini shovel
Bag / container
Restock the spill kit as soon as possible whenever anything is used or removed from it

53. Safety Showers
Know the location of the nearest safety shower in case of emergency
Make sure it’s accessible, in good working order, and that its inspection is up-to-date

54. Eye Wash
Know the location of the nearest eye wash in case a chemical comes in contact with your eye
Flush your eye(s) for at least 15 minutes
Eye wash stations should be flushed weekly

55. Hazardous Waste Awareness Training
RCRA Regulated Wastes Management

56. Hazardous Waste Management
Generation and identification
Accumulation areas
Packaging and labeling
Pickup procedures
Storage areas
Disposal procedures

57. Identifying Hazardous Wastes

58. Two Types of RCRA Hazardous Waste
Listed in 40 C.F.R. Part 261, Subpart D; 6 N.Y.C.R.R. § (F, K, P & U)
Characteristics - (Ignitable, Corrosive, Reactive, Toxic)

59. Listed Hazardous Wastes
F List: wastes from certain common industrial or manufacturing processes
Example: spent Perchloroethylene used as solvent
K List: wastes from certain specific industries
Example: petroleum refining wastewater treatment residues
P and U Lists: discarded chemical commercial
products (applies only if chemical is discarded
unused)

60. Characteristic Waste (Ignitable, Corrosive)
Ignitable waste (flash point<140º F)
Examples: alcohols, acetone, toluene, xylene, WD-40
Corrosive waste (pH < 2 or > 12.5)
Examples: acids, rust removers, hydroxides, caustics, drain cleaners
* Take note: Not all Corrosives are considered “EPA Corrosive wastes”

61. Characteristic Waste (Reactive)
Reactive waste
Undergoes a violent or abnormal reaction in the presence of water or under normal ambient atmospheric conditions.
Among this type of hazard are the pyrophoric liquids which will ignite in air at or below normal room temperature in the absence of added heat, shock or friction, and the water-reactive.
Flammable solids which will spontaneously combust upon contact with water.
Examples: Picric acids, ethyl ethers, sulfide wastes

62. Characteristic Waste - Toxicity
Toxicity characteristic: laboratory test (TCLP) that creates a liquid leachate that is similar to what would be expected from a landfill
Examples: Wastes with heavy metals, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
* This type of waste materials get “D” codes e.g. D004 = Arsenic, D005 = Barium, D006 = Cadmium, D007 = Chromium, D008 = Lead, D009 = Mercury

63. Compliance Assistance
Acetone
Flammable
Store in flammable cabinets
HN1416B
May 16,2007
June 16,2007

64. General Requirements for Handling Hazardous Waste
Only trained personnel may manage hazardous wastes
Waste must be kept in a Satellite (Hazardous Waste) Accumulation area that is close to where waste is generated and under control of supervisor
No hazardous waste may be dumped down the drain or discarded with garbage
Wastes must be placed in proper/compatible containers
Wastes may be added to proper containers until approx. 80% full at accumulation area
Waste containers must be placed in a secondary spill “container” to catch any potential spills
Wastes must be labeled with “Hazardous Waste Stickers”

65. Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA)

66. ‘Satellite’ Storage
RCRA regulations allow a generator to accumulate hazardous waste at or near the point of generation if certain requirements are met.

67. Abandoned Chemicals

68. Storage

69. Containers
Definition: portable devices in which a hazardous waste is stored, transported, treated, disposed of,
or otherwise handled.

70. Container Requirements
Containers must be:
In good condition
Compatible with waste
Kept closed except when being filled or emptied
Handled in a safe manner
Marked with the words “Hazardous Waste” and the words describing the contents, DO NOT use chemical formulas
NOTE: incompatible waste containers must be separated from one another

71. Storage Areas For LQGs (>1000 lb/mo): 90 day limit before shipment
For SQGs (>100 <1000 lb/mo): 180 day limit before shipment
Containers must be in good condition & kept closed
Proper labeling required, including date
Inspected weekly
Emergency equipment & communications

72. Inspections (SAAs)
SAAs should be routinely inspected (i.e., on a weekly basis) by the designated lab or work area waste coordinator
Use the inspection form provided by the EHSO
Return completed forms to the ESHO

73. Inspections (Storage Areas)
Required weekly for LQGs and SQGs
Use the inspection form provided by the EHSO
Return completed forms to the ESHO
Items to include: spills, leaks, container condition, containers caps in place, readiness of emergency equipment, separation of incompatible wastes, signage present

74. Universal Wastes
Generated in a wide variety of settings, not only industrial
Generated by a wide community
Present in significant volumes in non-hazardous systems
Examples:
Batteries
Pesticides
Thermostats
Hazardous Waste Lamps

75. Regulated Medical Wastes (RMW)
Regulated Medical Waste: waste generated in the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals including the following:
Infectious Animal Wastes
Human Pathological Wastes
Human Blood and Blood Products
Needles and Syringes
Cultures and Stocks

76. RMW Packaging Sharps Liquids & Non-Sharp Solids
Disposed of in red, rigid, puncture- and break-resistant, leak proof container
Liquids & Non-Sharp Solids
Disposed of in red bags which are impervious to moisture and have strength sufficient to resist tearing under normal conditions of usage and handling

77. Radioactive Waste Management
Generation, storage, transportation, and disposal is governed by federal, state, and local agencies
Disposal options are limited and costly
Minimize waste generation

78. Radioactive Waste Guidelines
All radioactive waste generated at Hunter must be:
Stored in a “Controlled Area”
Properly stored and packaged
Properly shielded
Properly documented
Properly labeled
Properly segregated

79. Used Oil NYSDEC presumes used oil is recycled unless disposed of
Used oil mixed with hazardous waste is regulated as a hazardous waste
Used oil mixed with an ignitable characteristic waste (e.g. mineral spirits) can be managed as a non-hazardous waste if the Flash Point is > 140º F
Materials contaminated with used oil, if properly drained, are not used oil (the drained oil is regulated as used oil)

80. Compressed Gas Cylinders
Return to vendor, or
Contact EH&S Office for assistance

81. Mercury Waste
Replace thermometers and measuring instruments containing mercury with equipment that uses non-hazardous fluids or electronic devices
Contact EH&S Office if mercury spill occurs
Contact EH&S Office prior to generating mercury waste mixtures in order to develop a strategy for waste minimization and disposal

82. “e-wastes” (i.e., computer components, laboratory
instrumentation)

83. Hunter College Wastes Management
Hunter College Waste Disposal Management

84. Any questions?