1. Warm-Up
Write down as many words that you can think of that you associate with the term “mental disorder.”
Next to these terms write down whether that word is positive or negative.
What might this indicate in terms of attitudes towards mental disorders?

2. Mental and Emotional Problems
Lesson 9

3. Objectives
Identify and describe characteristics of a variety of mental disorders
Identify the signs of depression and warning signs of suicide
Identify strategies for coping with depression and preventing suicide

4. Mental Disorders
An illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person, preventing him or her from leading a happy, healthful, productive life
Each year about 20% of the US population are affected by some form of mental disorder.
Even though professional help is necessary, less than 7% actually receive help.
Why do you think such a small percentage actually receive help? Embarrassed, ashamed, stigma associated with mental disorders (that its not a medical disorder which is false because often times it is a result of imbalanced brain chemistry)

5. Types of Mental Disorders
Anxiety Disorder: Condition in which real or imagined fears are difficult to control
Chronic fear
People with this disorder arrange lives to avoid the situations that make them feel anxious
4 main types
Phobias
obsessive-compulsive disorders
panic disorders
Post-traumatic stress disorders

6. Phobia Strong and irrational fear of something specific
Impairs a person from living a normal life
Some phobias can make people prisoners in their own homes (agoraphobia- fear of public places, mysophobia- fear of dirt)
Some mental health professionals believe that certain phobias are caused by childhood experiences
Stop after heading. What did we define a phobia as yesterday?

7. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ‘OCD’
Trapped inside a pattern of repeated thoughts and behaviors
“obsessive” persistent, recurrent
“compulsive” repeated, irresistible behaviors
A person with OCD often goes through repeated rituals throughout the day in order to suppress their anxiety
Does anyone know anyone with ocd? Seen stories on tv?

8. Panic Disorder
Condition in which fear and anxiety get in the way of a person’s ability to function and enjoy life
Sudden, unexplained feelings of terror
Panic attacks accompanied by trembling, pounding heart, shortness of breath, dizziness
Attacks can occur at any time, but are most often triggered by a specific stimulus

9. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Condition that may develop after exposure to a terrifying even that threatened or caused physical harm
Could arise weeks or even months after the event
Common after personal assaults, natural disasters, human-made disasters or military combat
Symptoms may include: flashbacks, nightmares, emotional numbness, sleeplessness, guilt and problems concentrating

10. Mood Disorders
Illness, often associated with and organic cause, that involves mood extremes that interfere with everyday living
NOT the highs and lows that everyone experiences
NOT mood swings of adolescence
Emotional swings are extreme in both intensity and duration
2 types of mood disorders are clinical depression and bipolar disorder

11. Clinical Depression
Feelings of sadness that interfere with daily living and endure for an extended period of time
Not into much detail about depression because we talked about a couple days ago

12. Bipolar Disorder
Marked by extreme mood changes, energy levels and behavior
Manic “highs” and depressive “lows”
Also referred to as manic-depressive disorder
Figure 9.1 pg 227
Although adults with this disorder may behave normally between episodes, teens with the disorder tend to alternate rapidly between the two extremes with few clear periods

13. Eating Disorders Life threatening disturbances in eating behavior
Most common include:
Anorexia nervosa: no eating or very minimal eating
Bulimia: characterized by binging and then purging
Pica: eating of non-food materials
Wide range of physical complications including heart conditions and kidney failure

14. Conduct Disorders
A pattern of behaviors in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated
Lying, theft, vandalism, aggression, violence, arson
More common among males than females
Usually appear ‘tough’ but actually have very low self esteem
If not treated, many teens with this disorder will not be able to adapt to the demands of adulthood

15. Schizophrenia
Severe mental disorder in which a person loses contact with reality
Symptoms:
Delusions
Hallucinations
Causes may be a combination of genetic factors and chemical or structural changes in the brain
Those who suffer have difficulty distinguishing between real and imaginary events
Not usually a threat to others
Professional help and medication are necessary

16. Personality Disorders
Inability to get along with others because of the way one things or behaves
Affects approximately 10% of the population
Counseling and sometimes medication are recommended treatments
3 common personality disorders are:
Antisocial personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder
Passive-aggressive personality disorder

17. Antisocial Personality Disorder
Tend to be irritable, aggressive, impulsive and violent
Unable to show remorse for behavior
Often seen among criminals

18. Borderline Personality Disorder
Frequently experience a series of troubled relationships
Engagement in high risk activities
Poor self-esteem
Fear abandonment, but often lash out at the people they need the most

19. Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder
Often uncooperative
Resent being told what to do, but yet rely on other’s direction
Get angry over issues of control but will only show their anger indirectly
Example: a person who doesn’t want to take part in an activity may forget to show up or arrive late and leave early

20. Suicide: Warning Signs and Prevention

21. Terms: Alienation: feeling isolated and separated from everyone else
Suicide: act of intentionally taking one’s own life
Cluster suicides: series of suicides occurring within a short period of time and involving several people in the same school or community

22. Risk Factors DEPRESSION History of physical abuse
over 90% of those who commit suicide suffer from depression or another mental disorder, or are abusing drugs
History of physical abuse
History of sexual abuse
Previous suicide attempts
Family history of emotional disorders or suicides
Figure 9.2 pg 231

23. Strategies to Prevent Suicide
Anyone who talks about suicide must be taken seriously
Encourage someone who is depressed or mentally ill to seek help
Show concern and empathy to the person so that they know their life matters!
Initiate a meaningful conversation
Show support and ask questions about problems
Try to persuade the person to seek help

24. Getting Help

25. When Should You Seek Help?
If you feel trapped with no way out
You constantly worry
Your feelings affect sleep, eating, school work, job performance or relationships
Family and friends express concern over your behavior
You are using alcohol or other drugs
You are becoming increasingly aggressive, violent or reckless

26. Afraid to Seek Help? Remember:
Asking for help does not mean that you are weak. It is a sign of strength and show’s responsibility for your well-being
People with mental disorders can’t get better on their own
Sharing your deepest thoughts with a ‘stranger’ is not embarrassing. In fact, most people find it gives them great relief.

27. Understanding Death and Grief

28. Terms:
Coping: dealing successfully with difficult changes in your life
Grief response: an individual’s total response to a major loss

29. Grieving Process Denial or Numbness: Emotional Releases: Anger:
Disbelief that the loss has occurred
Prevents person from being overwhelmed by emotions
Emotional Releases:
Recognition of the loss
Often involves periods of crying
Anger:
Feeling powerless and deprived unfairly
Lashing out at whatever you perceive to be responsible
Bargaining:
Promise to change if what was lost can be returned
Depression
Remorse:
Person becomes occupied with thoughts about what he or she could have done to prevent the loss or make things better
Acceptance:
Sense of power
Ability to face reality in constructive ways
Meaningful gestures surrounding the idea of loss
Hope:
The point where remembering becomes less painful and the person can begin to look ahead to the future

30. Coping with Death or Crises
Give yourself time to reflect
Remember the good times
Seek support from friends and family. You don’t have to do it alone.
Grief counseling
Get back to daily routines as soon as possible
Eat nutritious foods and exercise regularly
Do something positive to help out others
Bottom 3 deal more with crises