1. By; Aarynn M, Lauren Br, and Becky D THE URINARY SYSTEM

2. Functions To remove certain salts and nitrogenous wastes Maintain normal concentrations of water and electrolytes Regulation of pH The volume of bodily fluids Along control of red blood cell production and blood pressure management

3. Organs in the urinary system Kidneys Tubular ureters The urinary bladder Tubular urethra

4. The kidneys Structure Laterally convex Medially concave Hilum- ureter passes through Renal pelvis- at the superior end of ureter Pelvis divides twice 1. major calyces 2. minor calyes

5. Kidney function Help maintain homeostasis Balance ph Secrete hormones (aka renin & erythropoietin)

6. Renal blood vessels

7. aka Renal artery hilum interlobar arteries arcuate arteries interlobar arteries afferent arterioles renal vein inferior vena cava

8. nephrons Contain renal corpuscles and renal tubules Corpuscle is made of glomerulus Glomerular capsules surround glomerulus and receives fluid from glomerulus filters proximal convoluted tubule becomes descending limb of nephron loop which in turn becomes ascending limb of nephron loop and turns into the distal convoluted tubule.

9. Urine Glomar filtration- plasma being filtered to create urine Nephrons have two capillary networks 1.filters fluid 2.tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion Reabsorption moves fluid back into the blood Secretion moves substances from peritubular capillary into the renal tubular. Waste and excess products leave the body These wastes = urine

10. Urine (2) Urine is roughly 95% water Composed of water and waste the kidneys must eliminate The other 5% of urine is usually urea and uric acid Urea- the byproduct of amino acid catabolism (is reabsorbed by filtration) Uric acid- product of metabolizing nucleic acids (requires active transport

11. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oCQ-5iwTQvM

12. Urine excretion Made with in nephrons Passes through renal palpitate Goes to renal pelvis then ureters and urinary bladder Exists the body through the urethra

13. Diseases Chronic Kidney Disease Causes Diabetes High Blood Pressure Treatments Medicines to lower blood pressure Control blood glucose Dialysis Kidney Transplantation

14. Diseases Polycystic Kidney Disease Autosomal dominant PKD Starts at the ages of 30-40 Autosomal recessive PKD Begins in the womb or months following birth Causes Genetic Disorder Symptoms Enlarged kidneys Headaches, urincary tract infections, blood in urine, pain in the back and lower sides Treatments There is no treatment for PKD

15. Work cited http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Human_Physiology/The_Urinary_Syste m http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Human_Physiology/The_Urinary_Syste m http://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/practical-2/deck/6343870 http://anatomyforme.blogspot.com/2008/05/pathways-of-fluid- flow-through-kidney.html http://anatomyforme.blogspot.com/2008/05/pathways-of-fluid- flow-through-kidney.html http://www.ivy- rose.co.uk/HumanBody/Urinary/Urinary_System_Nephron_Diagram.php http://www.ivy- rose.co.uk/HumanBody/Urinary/Urinary_System_Nephron_Diagram.php