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Urinary System.

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Presentation on theme: "Urinary System."— Presentation transcript:

1 Urinary System

2 Why do we urinate? To remove metabolic wastes from body
Cells produce wastes that are toxic Nitrogenous wastes are converted to urea by the liver Urea

3 Why do we urinate? To regulate solute concentration of blood
varying amount of water excreted [solutes = dissolved substances] To regulate pH - varying amount H+ secreted 

4 Components of the urinary system
Kidney: Forms urine, regulates solute concentration & pH of blood Kidney Ureter: Transports urine to bladder Ureter Urinary bladder: Stores urine until expelled Urinary bladder Urethra Urethra: Transports urine to outside of body

5 Anatomy of the kidney 3 major parts Renal Cortex Renal Medulla
Renal Pelvis

6 Anatomy of the kidney Microscopic tubules Produce urine
The functional unit of the kidney is called a nephron There are millions of nephrons in each kidney Microscopic tubules Produce urine

7 Nephron Structure glomerulus

8 How do Kidneys Work? Kidney contains lots of nephrons
microscopic tubules high surface area for processing blood  Nephrons are composed of: A knot of capillaries inside the nephron capsule tubules (proximal tubule  nephron loop  distal tubule.)  Capillary network around the tubules

9 Three Steps of Urine Formation
Filtration small substances are filtered out of the blood into the nephron capsule includes waste products, urea, water, salts, nutrients

10 Three Steps of Urine Formation
Reabsorption nutrients such as glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed into the blood selective process: active transport Na+ is actively pumped back to the blood, then water follows by osmosis

11 Three Steps of Urine Formation
Secretion Additional molecules from blood move into tubules. uric acid, ammonia, hydrogen ions, penicillin

12 After Urine is Formed Urine moves down collecting tubules into renal pelvis Passes into ureters which carry it to urinary bladder Stored in the bladder until it is excreted through the urethra


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