1. Introduction To Public Speaking

2. The Benefits!
The ability to speak confidently and convincingly IN PUBLIC is an asset to anyone who wants to take an active role in his or her classroom, workplace or community.
Agree or Disagree?

4. Advance Professional Goals!
Where does the skill of public speaking fall in the list of most sought after skills by companies?

5. Advance Professional Goals!
12. Organizational Skills
11. Leadership skills
10. Detail-oriented
9. Computer Skills
8. Flexibility/Adaptability
7. Motivation/Initiative
6. Analytical Skills
5. Teamwork Skills (works well with others)
4. Strong Work Ethic

6. Advance Professional Goals!
TOP 3!
3. Interpersonal Skills (relates well to others)
2. Honesty/Integrity
1. COMMUNICATION SKILLS (written and verbal)

7. Enhance Your Career As A Student!
Preparing speeches involves numerous skills that you can use in other courses.
What are they?

8. Enhance Your Career As A Student!
Research
Analyze Audiences
Support and prove claims
Select patterns for organizing ideas

9. Enhance Your Career As A Student!
Diverse courses often require an oral presentation component
Technical disciplines require explanation of complex information clearly.
Charts, graphs and other presentation aids are an important part of such presentations

10. Enhance Your Career As A Student!
Identifying target audiences
Selection of appropriate modes of delivery
The business major who must communicate with multiple audiences including co-workers, managers, clients and customers.

11. Explore and Share Values
Occasion for speaker and audience to focus on ideas and events about which they feel strongly
Public speaking offers a unique opportunity to explore values, deep-seated feelings and ideas about what is important in life.

12. Explore and Share Values
Allows you to express and explore those of others in civil dialogue, regardless if the audience shares your viewpoint
Speaking to an audience whose knowledge or opinions differ from yours can be more satisfying that addressing those with similar opinions

13. Hone Critical Thinking and Listening Skills
Sharpens your ability to reason and think critically
You will learn to construct claims and then present evidence and reasoning to logically support them
Ability to recognize weak links and strengthen them

14. Hone Critical Thinking and Listening Skills
You will become a more critical receiver of speeches
You will be able to better decide what information is misinformation disguised as logic for the purpose of selling, deceiving or exploiting.
Questions? Disagreements?

15. Public Speaking as a Form of Communication
Scholars identify four categories of human communication… Four categories YOU SHOULD KNOW! (Hint, hint! TAKE NOTES!)
1. Dyadic Communication – Communication between two people
2. Small Group Communication – Involves a small number of people who can see and speak directly with one another (i.e. business meeting)

16. Public Speaking as a Form of Communication
3. Mass Communication – Occurs between a speaker and a large audience of unknown people. The receivers are not present with the speaker (i.e. TV, radio and mass rallies)

17. Public Speaking as a Form of Communication
4. Public Speaking – A speaker delivers a message with a specific purpose to an audience of people.
Always includes a speaker who has a reason for speaking
An audience that gives its attention
A message that is meant to accomplish something
Address audience without interruption
Takes responsibility for the words

18. Similarities Between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication
Like Small Group
Requires that you address a group of people who are focused on you and expect you to clearly discuss issues relevant to the topic
Like Mass Communication
Requires that you understand and appeal to the audience members interests, attitudes and values
Like Dyadic
Requires that you attempt to make yourself understood, involve and respond to your conversational partners and take responsibility for what you say.

19. Similarities Between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication
Key feature of any communication is sensitivity to the listeners.
Whether speaking to one person or one hundred people, they want to feel that you care about their interests, desires and goals.
Skilled speakers do it in a way that is organized, easy to follow, believable, relevant and interesting.

20. Differences Between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication
Public Speaking presents different opportunities for feedback.
Public Speaking offers middle ground between low and high levels of feedback.
Does not permit the constant exchange of information
But audience can and does provide ample verbal and non-verbal cues as to what they are thinking and feeling

21. Differences Between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication
Examples of Feedback:
Facial expressions
Vocalizations (laughter, boos, etc.)
Gestures
Applause

22. Differences Between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication
Differs in the amount of preparation needed
Must be more careful and extensive
Why?
Less opportunity for feedback
You must anticipate how your audience will react to your speech

23. Differences Between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication
Differs in degree of formality
Speeches tend to occur in more formal settings
Graduations, weddings, etc., naturally lend themselves to speeches; they provide a focus and give a “voice” to the event
So what is “Communication”?

24. The Communication Model
Encoding
Decoding
Sender Speaker
Message
Feedback
Decoding
Encoding
Receiver Audience
Noise
Noise

25. Elements of Communication
The Source (Sender) – The person that creates the message
The speaker transforms ideas and thoughts into messages and sends them to a receiver or audience.
The speaker decides what messages are to be sent and how they will be sent.
Encoding – The process of organizing the message, choosing the words and sentence structure and verbalizing the message

26. Elements of Communication
The Receiver (Audience) – The receiver interprets the message in ways that are unique to that person
Decoding – Process of interpreting the message
Although the sender/speaker may intend a message to carry a specific meaning, the receiver/audiences interprets the message based on their own experiences and attitudes

27. Elements of Communication
Feedback – The audience’s response to the message
Can be conveyed both verbally and non-verbally
Often indicates whether a speakers message has been understood
NOTE – Feedback is actually a message whereby the receiver now becomes the sender
This role reversal represents the interactive nature of public speaking

28. Elements of Communication
The Message – The content of the communication process: thoughts and ideas put into meaningful expressions
Content can be expressed verbally and non-verbally.
Miscommunication can happen when the audience misinterprets the speaker’s intended message or when the speaker misreads the audience feedback.

29. Elements of Communication
The Channel – Medium through which the speaker sends a message
Live audience – Channel = air waves
Telephone lines, televisions, computers, written correspondence
Noise – Any interference with the message
Physical sounds, psychological noise (emotions), environmental (room temp., etc.)

30. The Communication Model
Encoding
Decoding
Sender Speaker
Message
Feedback
Decoding
Encoding
Receiver Audience
Noise
Noise