1. The Abolitionist Movement

2. Slavery
all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself [herself] voluntarily
Control through violence or threat of violence
Exploitation for profit
Loss of free will

3. Abolition Definition: A complete end to slavery
Abolitionist: some one that works toward a complete end to slavery.
Emancipation: The immediate freedom from the control of another person.

4. History Quakers fought for an end to slavery from colonial times
In the Second Great Awakening Christians pushed for change on moral grounds.
Words of the Declaration of Independence included equality for all.

5. Spreading the Message Newspapers/Books Speaking Tours Groups
The Liberator: poetry and literature
The North Star & Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
Speaking Tours
Some white activist: Angelina and Sarah Grimke
Freed African Americans: Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth and Charles Remond
Groups
American Anti-Slavery Society: wanted an end to slavery immediately
Look at page 472 in text book
Northstar & book written by Douglass he wrote three autobiographies
The women were important to the movement later, early on they wer discriminated against…many men felt they should be seperated.

6. Underground Railroad
A network of people that arrange transportation and hiding places for African Americans as they try to escape from slavery.
Spread path information in songs & other cultural tools
Wore disguises and moved along the trails at night.
Sometimes they were transported by hiding in boxes or wagons
Look at the lyrics from Follow the Drinking Gourd explain meaning

7. Songs (Follow the Drinking Gourd)
When the Sun comes back And the first quail calls Follow the Drinking Gourd, For the old man is a-waiting for to carry you to freedom If you follow the Drinking Gourd
The riverbank makes a very good road. The dead trees will show you the way. Left foot, peg foot, travelling on, Follow the Drinking Gourd.
The river ends between two hills Follow the Drinking Gourd. There’s another river on the other side Follow the Drinking Gourd.
When the great big river meets the little river Follow the Drinking Gourd. For the old man is a-waiting for to carry to freedom If you follow the Drinking Gourd.

8. Songs

9. Quilt Patterns Monkey Wrench Drunkard’s Path Bow tie Bear Claw Trail
Monkey wrench-time to get “tools” together to leave
Drunkard’s Path- remind to take a zig zag path & may have shown placements of stations along raliroad
Bow tie- to dress-up …many escaped slaves would be given clothes from conductors to blend in with the community outside of the plantations
Bear Claw Trail- to take the bear path in the woods to stay out of danger...being followed.

10. Underground Railroad Trail known as the “railroad”
The hiding places during the day were called “stations”
The abolitionists who traveled with the fugitives Conductors”…offered there home for protection were known as “station managers”
Over 40,000 African Americans saved
Map page 473

15. Hanby House: William Hanby owned house. He activly helped slaves escape.

16. Beacon of Freedom Lighthouse: Fairport, OH
Beacon of Freedom Lighthouse: Fairport, OH. Last stop on the underground railroad before they got on boats and went to Canada. They hid in the lighthouse.

17. Harriet Tubman Escaped from slavery in 1849
Went back to the south 19 times to help others escape slavery
She successfully led her family and 300 other African Americans to safety in the North and Canada.
At one point the bounty for her capture was $40,000

18. Opposition
Government: placed a gag rule on discussing emancipation petitions from
Northern politicians: some thought African Americans would take jobs from whites.
Southern whites: They believed slavery was vital to their economy. Used racism to validate their ideas.
Racism; belief in or doctrine asserting racial differences in character, intelligence, etc. and the superiority of one race over another or others: racist doctrine also, typically, seeks to maintain the supposed purity of a race or the races

20. Slavery Today? Does slavery still exist today?