1. Cruise ships in Venice Laura Jacobs + Natascha Hänni TIA – 18th of Nov.

2. Index Overview : Venice + Venice Port Problem: Are Cruise Ships killing Venice? Impacts on Tourism Recommendations Conclusion Sources

3. Overview Port Venice The Port in Figures 20,450,000 sqm 30,000 m of quayside - 163 active berths 205 km of internal railroad network 26 cargo terminals 8 passenger terminals 18,000 workers 2,300,000 passengers/year

4. Overview Situation At one weekend: 12 cruise liners entered Venice within 24 hours, containing 35,000 tourists Protests! Safety concerns = Costa Concordia Tragedy Risk to the city’s infrastructure and inhabitants? 1999 = 100,000 passengers 2012 = 1.7 million passengers

5. Are cruise ships killing Venice? 2.7% of all CO 2 emissions in 2007 < cruise ships EPA estimations: A typical cruise ship generates per day… o 21,000 gallons (appx. 79,493.65 litres) of sewage o 1 ton of garbage o 170,000 gallons (appx. 643,520.00 litres) of wastewater from sinks, showers and laundry o More than 25 pounds (11.3 kg) of batteries, fluorescent lights, medical wastes and expired chemicals o Up to 6,400 gallons (24,226.64 l)of oily bilge water from engines o Four plastic bottles per passenger Cruise ship guest capacity differs from 300 to 7,300 o 75% - 85% of garbage is incinerated → smog o A 3,000 pax ship has more daily fuel pollution than 12,000 cars → Not so healthy…

6. Problem: Are cruise ships killing Venice? Venice is in a tricky situation already Tourism Cruise tourism

7. Impacts on tourism: Venice sinking Inhabitants have to move Art & buildings

8. Impacts on tourism: Cruise ship banning Travellers Companies

9. Recommendations Cruise tourism Venice sinking Both

10. Questions ?

11. Sources Armstrong, R., & Spiller, N. (2010). Synthetic biology: Living quarters. Nature, 467(7318), 916-918. EPA, U. (20091203, 20130911). Cruise Ship Discharge Assessment Report | Vessel Water Discharge, from http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/vwd/disch_assess.cfm http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/vwd/disch_assess.cfm FCCA. (2011). Cruise Industry Overview - 2011, State of the Cruise Industry. 11. Retrieved from http://www.f-cca.com/downloads/2011-overview- book_Cruise%20Industry%20Overview%20and%20Statistics.pdfhttp://www.f-cca.com/downloads/2011-overview- book_Cruise%20Industry%20Overview%20and%20Statistics.pdf Howitt, O. J., Revol, V. G., Smith, I. J., & Rodger, C. J. (2010). Carbon emissions from international cruise ship passengers’ travel to and from New Zealand. Energy Policy, 38(5), 2552-2560. Lewis, T. (2013). Venice's Gradual Sinking Charted by Satellites. LiveScience, from http://www.livescience.com/39979-venice-gradual-sinking-charted-by- satellites.htmlhttp://www.livescience.com/39979-venice-gradual-sinking-charted-by- satellites.html Logan, K. The Sinking City of Venice, Italy, from https://sites.google.com/site/polyslrproject/venice---2-consequences Machan, T. (2013a). Confusion over Venice cruise ship ban. Telegraph. Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/cruises/10432424/Confusion-over- Venice-cruise-ship-ban.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/cruises/10432424/Confusion-over- Venice-cruise-ship-ban.html Machan, T. (2013b). Cruise lines seek Venice solution. Telegraph. Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/cruises/cruise-news/10283185/Cruise- lines-seek-Venice-solution.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/cruises/cruise-news/10283185/Cruise- lines-seek-Venice-solution.html Moran, L. (2012). Venice is sinking FIVE times faster than previously thought. DailyMail, from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2120610/Venice-sinking- FIVE-times-faster-previously-thought.htmlhttp://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2120610/Venice-sinking- FIVE-times-faster-previously-thought.html OurAmazingPlanetStaff. (2012). Venice Is Slowly Sinking | Venice Sea Level Rise & Flooding | LiveScience:. LiveScience, from http://www.livescience.com/19195-venice-sinking-slowly.html http://www.livescience.com/19195-venice-sinking-slowly.html ResponsibleTravel, S. L. (2013). How responsible are cruise liners? World's best responsible & ecotourism holidays:. Responsibletravel.com, from http://www.responsibletravel.com/copy/how-responsible-are-cruise-liners http://www.responsibletravel.com/copy/how-responsible-are-cruise-liners Reuters. (2013). Italy to divert cruise ships from historic Venice. Telegraph. Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/10429181/Italy-to-divert-cruise-ships-from-historic-Venice.html http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/10429181/Italy-to-divert-cruise-ships-from-historic-Venice.html Richard, E. (2013, 20131107). Cruise lines planning changes after Venice announces ban on largest ships | Compass. Yahoo! Travel, from http://travel.yahoo.com/blogs/compass/cruise-lines-planning-changes-venice-announces-ban-large-000045111.html http://travel.yahoo.com/blogs/compass/cruise-lines-planning-changes-venice-announces-ban-large-000045111.html Saltzman, D. (2012, 20121207). Are Cruise Ships Environmentally Friendly? Depends on Who You Ask. - Various:. CruiseCritic, from http://www.cruisecritic.com/news/news.cfm?ID=5111 http://www.cruisecritic.com/news/news.cfm?ID=5111 Saltzman, D. (2013, 20131106). Italy will ban large cruise ships in Venice lagoon. Cruise Critic, 2013, from http://www.cruisecritic.com/news/news.cfm?ID=5602http://www.cruisecritic.com/news/news.cfm?ID=5602 theguardian.com. (2013). Venice to ban giant cruise ships. The Guardian. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/06/venice-ban- giant-cruise-shipshttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/06/venice-ban- giant-cruise-ships Tosi, L., Teatini, P., & Strozzi, T. (2013). Natural versus anthropogenic subsidence of Venice. [Article]. Sci. Rep., 3. doi: 10.1038/srep02710 Voo, L. v. d. (2010). Cruise Ship Pollution - Environmental Impacts of Cruises. The Daily Green Retrieved 20131117, 2013, from http://www.thedailygreen.com/environmental-news/latest/cruise-ship-pollution-460810 http://www.thedailygreen.com/environmental-news/latest/cruise-ship-pollution-460810 Webb, J. A. B. Venice: rising water, sinking land. Landscape architecture study tour with professor Jack Ahern, from http://courses.umass.edu/latour/Italy/venice_water/index.html http://courses.umass.edu/latour/Italy/venice_water/index.html Wikipedia. (2001, 20131107). Venice. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Retrieved 20131108