1. Assessment and Evaluation Angella Barker Renee Clarke Olivia Smith Charrah Whittaker

2. What is Assessment? Assessment is a tool that measures a learner’s knowledge and ability. It shows the areas in the programme where learners have weakness and strengths.

3. What is the purpose of Assessment? Assessment is a method used to test that learning and lesson objectives have been met.

4. What are the types of Assessment? 2. Summative 1. Formative 3. Research

5. What are some examples of Assessment tools/strategies? 1. Anticipation Guide 2. Drawing 3. Checklist 4. Testing 5. Observation 6. Portfolio 7. Questioning 8. Self Assessment 9. Checklist 10. Rubrics 11. Anecdotal Records 12. Drama 13. Essay or Story Writing 14. Poetry writing 15. Journal entry 16. Making a model

6. What criteria are necessary in selecting or developing Assessment strategies? Assessment strategies should: Reflect what was taught in class. Address the different learning styles of students.

7. Why is the Assessment important? Assessment is an integral part of instruction, as it determines whether or not the goals of education are being met. Assessment affects decisions about grades, placement, advancement, instructional needs, curriculum, and, in some cases, funding. Assessment inspire us to ask these hard questions: "Are we teaching what we think we are teaching?" "Are students learning what they are supposed to be learning?" "Is there a way to teach the subject better, thereby promoting better learning?"

8. What is Evaluation? Evaluation is a integral part of the teaching learning situation. It is a careful analysis of instructional material. It is a continuous process in which both teacher and students engage.

9. Evaluation is a process that critically examines a program. It involves collecting and analyzing information about a program’s activities, characteristics, and outcomes. Its purpose is to make judgments about a program, to improve its effectiveness, and/or to inform programming decisions (Patton, 1987).

10. What are the types of Evaluation? 2. Summative 1. Formative 3. Reflective 4. Diagnostic

11. Formative assessment takes place during assessment and determines what students have learned up to that period. Teacher or students may use this information to determine whether or not new instruction should be introduced or practiced and feedback should increase. This type of evaluation ensures the integration of new knowledge and skills with information that has been previously learned. Students’ confidence is increased as they are ensured that content has been mastered to that point.

12. Summative assessment takes place after instruction, when students demonstrate what they have learned and experienced during instruction. This type of evaluation is often used to make decisions with regard to student acceleration, advancement or remediation. This type of evaluation may also be utilized in the transfer and generalization to new situations

13. Reflective assessment takes place after instruction, when students and the teacher evaluate themselves each other. This type of evaluation requires the teacher to evaluate herself before, during and after instruction. This type of evaluation may also be utilized in the transfer and generalization to new situations

14. Diagnostic assessment take place at the initial stage of learning. The importance of these initial judgments is to decide the different levels of the students and the possible scaffolding they will need to move further. Initial judgments are made to choose the correct instructional methods. Tenbrink (1974) Diagnostic evaluations are concerned with skills and other characteristics that are perquisites to the instructions to be given or current instructions. Diagnostic evaluations are made on diagnostic assessments such as anticipation guides, introductory journal entries and entry tests.

15. This type of evaluation focuses on the students who are always doing poorly. This type of evaluation helps the teacher distinguish, or search causes of persistent learning failure in the classroom. This type of evaluation lets the teacher know whether students have serious learning problems and require serious remedial attention. This type of evaluation provides teacher with a simple solution such as: moving the student to the front of the class, away from a particular group or giving that student more attention.

16. What are some examples of Evaluation tools /strategies? Teacher Observation Open-ended questions Samples of Work Pictures and Drawings Role-playing Puppetry Fill in the blanks Multiple Choice Matching Descriptive Paragraph Word association Sociograms Filing in empty maps Model Graphs Diagrams Making Plans Making Lists

17. Scrapbooking Essay or Story Writing Poetry Writing Questionnaires Letter writing Journal/ Log/ Diary Writing Checklists Discussion Standardized tests Projects Portfolio Interviews

18. What are the criteria necessary in selecting or developing Evaluation strategies? 2. Is the strategy I selected appropriate for the student? 1. Am I evaluating what has been taught? 3. Does the strategy appropriately assess the students performance?

19. Why is Evaluation important? Evaluation is important because it is essential for assessing progress and for choosing alternate strategies for future instruction.

20. References Allen, K.V. (1995). Technology in Education: An introduction. 3 rd ed. Chalkboard Press Dullmann, M. (1976). Teaching Language Arts in the Elementary School. W. C. Brown Co King, R., Morris, P., Morrissey, M., Robinson. P. (2000) Social Studies through Discovery. 2 nd ed. Chalkboard Press. New York. Gronlund, N.E. (2006). Assessment of student achievement. 8 th ed. Allyn & Bacon. Boston, M.A. N’Namdi, K.A. (2005). Guide to Teaching Reading at the Primary School Level. UNESCO. France. Oosterhof A. (1999). Developing and Using Classroom Assessments. 2 nd ed. Patton, M.Q. (1987). Qualitative Research Evaluation Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publishers. Stiggins, R.J. (2001) Student involved Classroom Assessment. 3 rd ed. Merrill Prentice Hall. New Jersey TenBrink, T.D. (1974). Evaluation: A practical guide for teachers. McGraw-Hill Book Co.

21. Edutopia Staff (2008) Why is Assessment important? Retrieved November 19, 2012 from: http://www.edutopia.org/assessment- guide-importance (Edutopia)http://www.edutopia.org/assessment- guide-importance My Environmental Education Resource Assistant (2004). Evaluation: What is it and why do it? Retrieved November 19, 2012 from: http://meera.snre.umich.edu/plan-an-evaluation/evaluation-what-it- and-why-do-it (MEERA) http://meera.snre.umich.edu/plan-an-evaluation/evaluation-what-it- and-why-do-it Sherwood, C. (2012) Achoo! Retrieved November 22, 2012. from http://www.superteacherworksheets.com/reading-comp/4th- achoo_WBDRT.pdf (Super Teacher Worksheets) http://www.superteacherworksheets.com/reading-comp/4th- achoo_WBDRT.pdf