1. GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP Dr Maurice Mullard Lecture 6

2. C ITIZENSHIP AND THE NATION STATE Treaty of Westphalia 1689 establish boundaries and autonomy of individual nation state respect boundaries People to live within boundaries Rights to be recognised by the State Human Nature Stoics – common humanity Aristotle unequal citizen Cicero human reason equality before the Law St Paul Christian tradition of obedience

3. T HE NATION STATE History of the Nation State Definition of who is a citizen Who is to be included who is to be excluded Perennial problem of slavery Women and rights Rights to Property Who Governs Res public - commonwealth

4. R IGHTS WITHIN THE N ATION S TATE Changing nature of power The absolute monarch Divine right of Kings Louis XIV Louise XVI in France Charles 1 French Revolution 1793 Bonaparte 1808 Paris Commune 1872 Bismarck Germany reforms 1880s World War 1 Germany Russia Woodrow Wilson doctrine League of Nations

5. W HAT LESSONS FROM USA American Revolution 1776 – against George 111 Federal papers US Constitution Bill of Rights First Amendment Habeas Corpus Civil War 1640 Go West American Indians Migration from Europe 1900 Race in America

6. GOING GLOBAL Cosmopolitan value Stoics Greece – common humanity Marcus Aurelius Citizens of Rome History of the cosmopolitan Jews not to be trusted loyalty beyond the nation state Anti Semitism Knights of Malta 1760 Expulsions of Jews and Muslims from Spain Pogroms Easter in Russia and Poland

7. N AZI G ERMANY AND THE HOLOCAUST Lessons on the holocaust for issues of human rights State does not safeguard fragile humanity Nazis won democratic elections 1931 and 1933 Hannah Arendt too much politics Protect inalienable human rights Nuremburg trials crimes against humanity Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 International Covenant on Political and Civil Rights 1966 Economic and Social Rights 1966

8. CITIZENSHIP OUTSIDE THE BOUNDARIES OF THE NATION STATE Recent atrocities Rwanda Darfur Europe Bosnia Kosovo Ethnic cleansing exclusion of the other Do these cases justify intervention – NATO US IRAQ and Afghanistan new doctrine

9. S EEKING OUR RIGHTS OUTSIDE THE NATION STATE Cosmopolitan values we carry a plurality of identities hybrid in the making of biography What glues society together? Global economy interconnected and awareness of the other Who is the other? Global Governance

10. G LOBAL A WARENESS Flow and movement of capital Labour markets competition Migration World Poverty Ecology climate change Nationalism and xenophobia War of civilisations War on Terror

11. T HE END OF THE NATION STATE Globalisation undermines the nation state Capital flows Limits of macro economic policy The Limit of politics Universal rights beyond the state Undermining democracy Human Rights Act European Declaration of Human Rights