1. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 GRAMMAR CORNER tratto dallarticolo Care plans as the main focus of nursing handover: information exchange model

2. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Il genitivo sassone

3. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 GENITIVO SASSONE Il concetto di possesso, espresso in italiano mediante la preposizione di, in inglese viene reso con il genitivo sassone: possessore + s +cosa posseduta es. Mrs. Browns new camera

4. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 VARIAZIONI 1) nome del possessore al singolare terminante in -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -z, -x s = es. Lewiss sister is a teacher. 2) nome del possessore al plurale terminante in -s = es. Thats my cousins house. 3) se il plurale è irregolare si usa s es. Thats my childrens school.

5. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 In presenza di più possessori -se il possesso è condiviso, il genitivo sassone va solo dopo lultimo nome es. Ken and Freds mother is German. -se il possesso non è condiviso il genitivo sassone si applica a tutti i possessori es. Kens and Freds mothers are friends

6. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 TROVATE DEGLI ESEMPI ALLINTERNO DEL TESTO!!

7. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Genitivo sassone To report on nurses experience… The nurses day traditionally starts… Ethical governance was addressed within the Health Care Trusts clinical audit policy. …the total number of patients problems i dentified from the sample… …the nurses satisfaction and the improvement in documentation.

8. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 La posizione degli aggettivi

9. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 In one acute medical ward for older people, of a Health Care Trust in the UK …

10. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 LA POSIZIONE DEGLI AGGETTIVI Età Forma Dimensione Origine Colore Opinione Materiale Scopo

11. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 ESEMPIO OpinionSizeAgeShapeColourOriginMaterialPurpose a sillyyoungEnglishman a hugeroundmetalbowl a smallredsleepingbag

12. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Un uomo asiatico, calvo di 38 anni basso di statura ed ubriaco a drunk, short, 38 year old, bald, Asian male patient BLUE-EYED WOMAN DARK-HAIRED MAN I AM 38 YEARS OLD

13. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 ESERCIZI 1) Which is the correct order? A)a small Canadian thin lady B)a Canadian small thin lady C) a small thin Canadian lady D) a thin small Canadian lady 2) Which is the correct order? A) a carving steel new knife B) a new steel carving knife C) a steel new carving knife D) a new carving steel knife 3)Which is the correct order? A) a beautiful blue sailing boat B) a blue beautiful sailing boat C) a sailing beautiful blue boat D) a blue sailing beautiful boat 5)Which is the correct order? A) an new French exciting band B) a French new exciting band C) an exciting French new band D) an exciting new French band

14. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 RISPOSTE 1)C2) B3) A4) D

15. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 LIMPERATIVO DEI VERBI

16. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Select quiet area. Take notes onto priority form

17. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 LIMPERATIVO Limperativo si usa per esprimere comandi, istruzioni, proposte, inviti e richieste. Limperativo affermativo della seconda persona singolare e plurale si forma con: linfinito senza to del verbo (il soggetto non viene espresso). Per la forma negativa si premette dont allinfinito senza to.

18. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 LIMPERATIVO AffermativoNegativo 2° persona sing/plurale Go home!Don t go home!

19. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 LIMPERATIVO Dont scompare in presenza di never (Never touch the oven when its on)

20. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 ȋ Limperativo affermativo della prima persona plurale si forma con: lets (let us) seguito dallinfinito senza to La forma negativa si ottiene premettendo lets not allinfinito senza to. LETS DANCE !!!!!

21. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 AffermativoNegativo 1° persona pluraleLets go home!Lets not go home!

22. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 TROVATE DEGLI ESEMPI ALLINTERNO DEL TESTO!!

23. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Make a note of omissions/needs for clarification As a team go to the bedside, address the patient and make introductions. Investigate care plans, observation charts and summary Prioritise and where appropriate delegate specific responsibilities to team members. Carry out care and update information.

24. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 PRESENT SIMPLE Il presente semplice

25. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Riscrivi le seguenti frasi con la loro forma negativa ed interrogativa 1)The nurses day traditionally starts with the ritual of a nursing handover report. 2) This paper reports on the outcome of the style of nursing handover.

26. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 PRESENT SIMPLE Affermativo: I You We start at eight o clock They He She starts at eight o clock It Negativo: I You do not We don t They He She It start at 8 does not doesnt start at 8

27. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Interrogativo: I you Do we start at 8? they he Does she start at 8? it Nota bene: Il verbo essere non ha bisogno dellausiliare alla forma negativa ed interrogativa!!! Es. You are in Rome. You are not/aren t in Rome. Are you in Rome?

28. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 esercizio Riscrivi le seguenti frasi con la loro forma negativa ed interrogativa 1)The nurses day traditionally starts with the ritual of a nursing handover report. 2) This paper reports on the outcome of the style of nursing handover.

29. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 RISPOSTE 1A) The nurses day traditionally does not start with the ritual of a nursing handover report. 1B) Does the nurses day traditionally start with the ritual of a nursing handover report? 2A) This paper does not report on the outcome of the style of nursing handover. 2B) Does this paper report on the outcome of the style of nursing handover?

30. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 VARIAZIONI Con he/she/it si aggiunge –s alla maggiorparte dei verbi: walk walks get gets Ma ci sono delle eccezioni: Verbi che finiscono in –sh, -ch, -ss, o –o si aggiunge – es finish finishes Verbi che finiscono in –y cambiano in cry cries Ma si aggiunge –s ai verbi che finiscono in –ay, -ey, -oy, -uy play plays

31. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 PAST SIMPLE Il passato semplice

32. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 PAST SIMPLE The risk reduction strategy included concordance to the process of information exchange

33. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 PAST SIMPLE Si usa il passato semplice per parlare di un evento che si è concluso nel passato.

34. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 COME SI FORMA Si forma il passato dei verbi regolari, aggiungendo –ed al verbo: walk walked ask asked

35. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 COME SI FORMA Ci sono delle eccezioni!!! Verbi che finiscono in –y -y -ied apply applied

36. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 COME SI FORMA La maggiorparte dei verbi che finiscono con una vocale ed una consonante: -p -pped stop stopped

37. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 COME SI FORMA Ma molti verbi sono irregolari!!! Es. do did buy bought

38. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Negativo Si forma il negativo con didnt + linfinito del verbo Es. I didnt understand. Interrogativo Si forma delle domande con did + linfinito Es. Did you watch the film?

39. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Il passato del verbo essere: I/he/she/it was/wasnt You/we/they were/werent

40. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Trova 5 verbi regolari al passato Trova 5 verbi irregolari al passato

41. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Background The nurses day traditionally starts with the ritual of a nursing handover or report, often in an office space (Walsh & Ford 1989). In one acute medical ward for older people, of a Health Care Trust in the UK, office-based handover drew all the incoming team and a large number of the outgoing team away from the ward area at least three times each day. This was time consuming thereby having a negative impact on the continuity of patient care.

42. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Patient documentation was rarely referenced at handover despite significant efforts to complete it. To make improvements to the practice, a project plan was prepared that anticipated the change phases from traditional to new handover style, setting short-and long-term goals and an evaluation strategy. The risk reduction strategy included concordance to the process of information exchange (Fig. 1).

43. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Methods Ethical governance was addressed within the Health Care Trusts clinical audit policy. A series of audits undertaken after one, three, and six months through self-report questionnaires identified staff perceptions of their experience of the new handover process. The team of 24 staff voluntarily completed structured perception questionnaires.

44. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Furthermore, an independent audit of care plans was carried out across the Trust. This involved comparative analysis of a 10% sample of all patient s documentation in 12 other wards (acute medical, palliative care, rehabilitation, and continuing care) with the ward in focus in this report. The aim was to identify whether the new form of handover had affected the completeness of patient documentation or generated any additional risks.

45. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 All documentation audited was of patients admitted more than two days prior to the audit and randomly selected by the ward staff on request at the time of the audit. Quantitative data was gathered through a structured questionnaire. The focus of the audit was in identifying whether there was alignment of all identified patient problems with the care plan through analysis of the medical admission notes, admission assessment, care plans and daily summary. To avoid bias, no prior notice was given and two auditors gathered and cross-checked the data.

46. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Results The first audit results from the staff perception questionnaires identified both advantages and disadvantages in the new handover process. The reported advantages identified that the process challenged their usual practice and encouraged reflective practice. It prevented office dwelling and therefore improved priority and time management. This also led to increased nurse/patient contact time leading to a more seamless service; and improved care plans and patient documentation overall.

47. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 They reported to having increased time released for their professional development opportunities. Two disadvantages included; the uncertainty of their role in the process was especially perceived by health-care assistants; and the new process did not directly address all the traditional functions of handover, Especially those relating to socialization.

48. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 The second audit results from the patient-care plans and associated documentation found that of the total number of patient problems identified from the sample, a variable percentage of contemporary care plans were available. The ward in focus had care plans present for all patient problems identified to 88% completeness.

49. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 This was compared with five other similar acute wards where they were identified to 10% and 72% completeness. Whilst 88% completeness compared favourably to other similar areas as well as all other associated areas in the Department, the success of the new handover relied on complete and contemporary documentation, leaving more room for improvement.

50. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 The risk of an absence of documentation was addressed through the process of the Information Exchange Model (Fig. 1), no other risks were identified. A number of variables might have influenced the findings including the staffing levels and the number of patients admitted into an area in the two days preceding the audit.

51. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Conclusions The change from the traditional office-based nursing handover to utilizing documentation at the patient bedside significantly improved not only the accessibility of nurses for patients but also the nurse s satisfaction and the improvement in documentation. The importance of considering the context of nursing and best practice of handover from a range of options appeared to be significant in this study.

52. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Relevance to clinical practice The confidence in the change in handover was sustained through staff thinking beyond the traditions of handover, to draw on principles and accountability for professional practice (Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) 2004). Traditional handover provided mainly retrospective information and health-care assistant tasks for care of a group of patients were often assumed and/or delegated by the nurse in charge as the shift progressed, depending on their seniority and experience..

53. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 The new handover style required analysis and interpretation of planned care and evaluation documentation, which required facilitation from the nurse in charge of each team as well as positive action in setting out roles and responsibilities for the period of duty.

54. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 LA FORMA PASSIVA The Passive Form

55. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Ethical governance was addressed within the Health Care Trusts clinical audit policy.

56. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 LA FORMA PASSIVA Come in italiano, anche in inglese nella trasformazione dalla forma attiva a quella passiva il complemento oggetto diventa il soggetto della frase passiva e il soggetto diventa il complemento dagente/causa efficiente.

57. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 LA FORMA PASSIVA Il passivo si costruisce con lausiliare to be alla forma, modo, tempo appropriati al contesto, seguito dal participio passato del verbo

58. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 ALCUNI ESEMPI Tempo Forma Attiva Forma Passiva simple Present makesis made present cont.Is makingis being made simple pastmadewas made present perfecthas madehas been made past Perfecthad madehad been made

59. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 In inglese la forma passiva viene preferibilmente usata: a) Nella descrizione di esperimenti scientifici, procedure, funzionamento di apparecchi ecc. es. When air is warmed it expands. Quando l aria viene riscaldata si espande.

60. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 b) Con disposizioni, divieti, istruzioni ecc. es. Smoking is not allowed here. Non è permesso fumare qui.

61. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 c) Quando si vuole evidenziare un fatto pi ù che l autore/origine dello stesso. es. The exhibition will be held from 18th March to 30th September. La mostra si terr à dal 18 marzo al 30 settembre.

62. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Trasforma le seguenti frasi dalla forma passiva alla forma attiva 1)Ethical governance was addressed within the Health Care Trusts clinical audit policy. 2)Quantitative data was gathered through a structured questionnaire. 3)The risk of an absence of documentation was addressed through the process of the Information Exchange Model, no other risks were identified.

63. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 To identify identified identified

64. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 RISPOSTE 1)The Health Care Trusts clinical audit policy addressed ethical governance. 2)A structured questionnaire gathered quantitative data. 3) The process of the Information Exchange Model addressed the risk of an absence of documentation, it did not identify other risks.

65. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 To give- to tell To givegavegiven Patients are given information when time allows To tell-told-told I am told to be a strict teacher Patients are told not to accept visitors after eight

66. master trentoinglese scientifico 250908 Today I have learnt …. GRAMMAR CORNER GLOSSARIO GENERALE GLOSSARIO SCIENTIFICO ARCHIVIAMO LE REGOLE DI GRAMMATICA, I VOCABOLI GENERALI E I VOCABOLI SCIENTIFICI CHE VOLETE MEMORIZZARE