1. Breeds of Beef Cattle

2. Vocabulary
Bos taurus- domestic cattle originating from either the Aurochs or the Celtic Shorthorn
Bos indicus-- humped cattle originating in tropical countries
Crossbreeding- the interbreeding of two or more different breeds of the same species of animal
Double muscling- an abnormal condition in some beef animals where muscle cells multiply or increase out of proportion to normal cells
Dual-purpose breed- cattle that are bred for both meat and milk production

3. Vocabulary
Horned- cattle that have horns carry the horned trait as a homozygous recessive condition
Hybrid vigor- increased growth rate often noted in cattle resulting from first-cross mating
Longevity- length of productive life
Polled-Naturally hornless
Progeny- the offspring or young of animals
Commercial cow/calf producer- producer of beef cattle primarily concerned w/ pounds of beef produced

4. Vocabulary
Purebred breeder- producer of beef herd sires or replacement heifers to be used by commercial cow/calf or other purebred breeders
Progeny testing- the testing of the offspring of individuals for various growth and carcass traits

5. Vocabulary Bull- mature male cattle of breeding age
11/19 1st per.
11/19 6th per.
Bull- mature male cattle of breeding age
Heifer- immature female cow
Calf- baby cow
Steer- castrated male
Cow- mature female cattle of breeding age
Bullock- male castrated after reaching sexual maturity

6. European

7. Angus

8. Angus Originated in Northeast Scotland. Polled and moderate in size
Solid red or black
Only breed solely for beef
Reputation for early maturity

9. Hereford

10. Hereford Originated in Hereford England Red with white markings
White face and white on the underline, flank,chest,switch,and below the knees
High yield of beef
Thick coat of hair

11. Polled Hereford

12. Polled Hereford Originated in Iowa
Red with white markings: White face, white on the underline, flanks, crest, switch, breast, and below the knees.
Adequate in size
Ability to adapt and dependable for reproduction

13. Red Angus

14. Red Angus Originated in Scotland Evolved from Black Angus
Known for beef producing characteristics
Ease in calving
Good milking ability

15. Shorthorn

16. Shorthorn Originated in Durham, Northumberland
They may be red or white, or both
Good milking ability
Excellent growth and carcass traits

17. American Breeds

18. Beefmaster

19. Beefmaster Originated in Falfurias, Texas in 1908
Red is the dominant color, but color is variable and disregarded
Known for weight, conformation, milking ability, fertility, hardness, and disposition
Majority are horned
Good milk producers w/heavy weaning weights

20. Brahman

21. Brahman Originated in India
Gray or red is preferred, but there are brown, black, white, and spotted
Have a hump and long ears
Are known for heat tolerance, withstanding low temperatures, disease and insect resistance, resistance to bloating, good crossbreeding, and intelligence

22. Brangus

23. Brangus Originated in Oklahoma 3/8 Brahman + 5/8 Angus cross
1st per. 11/20
6th per. 11/20
Originated in Oklahoma
3/8 Brahman + 5/8 Angus cross
Polled and black in color
Slight crest over neck and smooth, sleek coat
Feeder cattle yield thick, high cutting carcasses

24. Santa Gertrudis

25. Santa Gertrudis Originated in Texas
Named after Spanish land grant of Santa Gertudis
5/8 Shorthorn & 3/8 Brahman
Can be red or cherry red
Generally horned, but they’re polled strains
Hair is short, straight and slick

26. Simbrah

27. Simbrah Originated in the U.S., mostly Texas
Purebred consists of 5/8 Simmental and 3/8 Brahman
Can be red, straw, or gray in color w/white intermixed
Known for fertility, hardiness, adaptability, rapid growth, heat tolerance, and longevity

28. Watusi

29. Watusi Originated in Africa Comes in all colors
Resistant to drought, direct sunlight, and heat
Digestive system can utilize poor quality and limited quantities of food and water

30. Exotics

31. Charolais

32. Charolais Originated in Charolais, France Characteristics:
Light tan at birth
Change to a creamy white
Horned and have pink skin and mucous membranes
Noted for large size,growth thrust and bred-in meat

33. Chianina

34. Chianina
Originated in the Chianina Valley, Tuscany Province in central Italy
Characteristics:
Porcelain white hair
Black switch
Dark skin
Horns and a narrow head
Largest breed of cattle in the world and known for trimness of middle and fineness of head

35. Gelbvieh

36. Gelbvieh Originated in Bavaria Characteristics:
Solid golden red to rust in color
Horned
Large, long-bodied, well-muscled and have high-quality carcasses
Known for excellence in growth, muscling, and marketability

37. Limousin

38. Limousin Originated in southwestern France Characteristics:
1st per. 11/21
Limousin
Originated in southwestern France
Characteristics:
Wheat to rust color
Lower in fat,cholesterol,and calories that average choice beef
Known for aggressiveness and fertile sires that produce calves with genetic ability to grow quickly and efficiently

39. Maine-Anjou

40. Maine-Anjou Originated in French province of Maine and Anjou
Characteristics:
Dark red w/ white underline, often w/ small white patches,dark roans are found
Known for calving ease, high fertility performance, feed efficiency, carcass quality, udder quality, early maturity & good disposition

41. Salers

42. Salers Originated in south-central mountainous area of France
6th per. 11/21
Originated in south-central mountainous area of France
Characteristics:
Solid deep cherry red, w/ white switch and sometimes white spots under the belly
Oldest and most genetically pure of all European breeds
Known for calving ease, maternal efficiency and carcass merit

43. Simmental

44. Simmental Originated in the Simme Valley of western Switzerland
Characteristics:
Red and white spotted
Dominant white face
Efficient producers of quality beef and adapt easily to severe weather conditions

45. Other Beef Cattle

46. Beefalo

47. Beefalo Originated in California 3/8 buffalo and 5/8 domestic cattle
Breed medium in size and can be assorted colors
Meat is higher in protein and lower in fat than domestic beef
Females have a production life of about twice that of domestic female cattle

48. Belted Galloway

49. Belted Galloway Originated in Scotland
Black with a brownish tinge or dun with a white belt completely encircling the body between the shoulders and hooks
Breed produces high-quality meat, calves easily
has a regular breeding cycle and breeds back easily and quickly
Heavy coat of hair

50. Braford

51. Braford Originated in Florida
Red or brindle, with white markings on the head and pigmentation around the eyes
Horned and polled strains
Short haired, heat tolerant, fertile and good milk producers
Have only a slight hump

52. Charbray

53. Charbray Originated in Texas
¾ Charolais 1/4 Brahman to 7/8 Charolais and 1/8 Brahman
Light tan at birth, usually changes to a creamy white in a few weeks
Known for easy calving, structural soundness, climatic adaptability, high rate of gain, quality lean beef

54. Corriente

55. Corriente Originated in Mexico
Any color is acceptable except pure white
Known as sports cattle with high fertility rates, early maturity, trouble-free calving and foraging efficiency
Small, athletic animals with high stamina
Have heavy horns and a gentle disposition
Used for team roping, bull dogging, team penning and cutting

56. Romagnola

57. Romagnola Originated in Italy Are solid off-white to light gray
Bulls usually have a darker color of hair about the shoulders with black around the eyes and a black switch
Tongue, muzzle, body orifices, tail and hooves are black
Head appears to be short and horns are longer and sharper than in the other white breeds
In Italy , it is used for both milk and meat