1. An Industrial overview of Hydrocarbons For Promethean Consultants By Nandkumar Nair

2. What are Hydrocarbons A hydrocarbon is an organic compound which consists entirely of Hydrogen and Carbon. Compounds are formed based on the different bonds between different number of molecules of Carbon and Hydrogen. Found in substances like natural gas, asphalt, mineral oil etc.

3. Simplest Hydrocarbon is Methane. Found in decomposing matter.

4. Hydrocarbons could be in the form of – Gas (methane, propane) – Liquids (Hexane, Benzene) – Wax (Naphthalene) – Polymers (polyethylene, polystyrene) Hydrocarbons are all hydrophobic (repelling water) in nature

5. Hydrocarbons are also found in space. Titan (Saturn’s moon) has lakes of liquid Methane and Ethane

6. Where are hydrocarbons used In today’s world, hydrocarbons =fuel. – Fuel for different vehicles – Fuel for heating – Fuel for combustion Organic solvents Cleaning agents

7. Fuel Fractional distillation column

8. Top 10 Refineries Reliance refinery, Jamnagar Paraguana refinery, Venezuela Ulsan refinery, South Korea Yeosu refinery, South Korea Onsan refinery, South Korea Port Arthur refinery, US Exxonmobil refinery, Singapore Exxonmobil refinery, US Ras Tanura refinery, Saudi Arabia Garyville refinery, US

9. Top 10 Oil companies Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabia) Gazprom (Russian) National Iranian Oil Company (Iran) ExxonMobil (US) Petrochina (China) BP (London) Royal Dutch Shell (Anglo-Dutch) Pemex Mexicanos (Mexico) Chevron (US) Kuwait Petroleum (Kuwait)

10. Organic solvents How to : Flowing paints Drying Inks Rust prevention House cleaning

11. It’s a chemical class of compounds used in commercial industries They dissolve oil, fats, rubber and plastic They are highly explosive and highly inflammable

12. Uses Pharmaceutical Industries Personal care products Industries Pesticide manufacturers Paint manufacturing industries Ink manufacturing industries

13. Cleaning agents Industrial cleaning agents for bearings and rolling parts – grease and residue (mineral spirits and kerosene based cleaners) – Petroleum naphtha – Petroleum distillate – Cyclohexane

14. Found in liquid, powder or granule form as required Solvent based cleaning agents – degreasers Types include acidic, alkaline and nuetral

15. Acidic – Corrosion inhibitors. Used in swimming pools, concrete. Used for scaling (removal of inorganic mineral deposits) Alkaline – Used to dissolve fat, protein based deposits, grease, oil etc. Nuetral – They have neutral p-H level and are used to remove dirt from surfaces.

16. Dry-cleaning using tetrachloroethylene (garments) Used for soft garments which cannot be washed by harsh detergents Also known as PERC (percholorethylene)

17. Top 10 Chemical manufacturers BASF (Badische Anilin und Soda Fabrik), Germany Dow Chemicals, USA DuPont, USA Sabic, Saudi Arabia Total group, France Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings, Japanese Bayer AG Reliance industries, India AkzoNobel, Dutch LyondellBasell Industries, UK & US

18. Bibliography Wikipedia Google Images ScienceIQ.com Wikispaces.com Hydrocarbons-technology.com Forbes.com Emedicine.com Solvents.americanchemistry.com