1. Section 1: Latitude and Longitude
Lines of latitude and longitude are used to locate places on Earth.
Essential Questions
What is the difference between latitude and longitude?
Why is it important to give a city’s complete coordinates when describing its location?
Why are there different time zones from one geographic area to the next?

2. Vocabulary Review New time zone cartography equator latitude longitude
prime meridian
International Date Line
Latitude and Longitude
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3. Latitude Maps are flat models of three-dimensional objects.
The science of mapmaking is called cartography.
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Latitude and Longitude

4. Latitude
The equator is an imaginary horizontal line located at 0° latitude that circles Earth and separates it into two equal halves.
Latitude is the distance in degrees north or south of the equator.
Lines of latitude run parallel to the equator.
Latitude and Longitude
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5. Latitude
The value in degrees of each line of latitude is determined by measuring the imaginary angle created between the equator, the center of Earth, and the line of latitude.
Latitude and Longitude
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6. Longitude
Longitude is the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian.
The prime meridian is an imaginary line that represents 0° longitude.
Lines of longitude, also called meridians, are semicircles that extend vertically from pole to pole.
Latitude and Longitude
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7. Longitude
The degree value of each line of longitude is determined by measuring the imaginary angle between the prime meridian, the center of Earth, and the line of longitude.
Latitude and Longitude
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8. Longitude Using coordinates
Both latitude and longitude are needed to locate precise positions on Earth.
Latitude and Longitude
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9. Longitude
Time Zones
In most cases, each of Earth’s 24 time zones corresponds roughly to a line of longitude and represents a different hour. However, there are some exceptions.
Latitude and Longitude
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10. Longitude
The International Date Line, 180° meridian, serves as the transition line for calendar days.
Traveling west across the International Date Line advances your calendar one day.
Traveling east moves your calendar back one day.
Latitude and Longitude
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11. Review Essential Questions Vocabulary
What is the difference between latitude and longitude?
Why is it important to give a city’s complete coordinates when describing its location?
Why are there different time zones from one geographic area to the next?
Vocabulary
cartography
equator
latitude
longitude
prime meridian
International Date Line
Latitude and Longitude
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education