1. Digital weather recording instruments
Nowadays there are digital instruments which can give us more accurate weather data. Complete the table to show a description of how it works and the advantages and disadvantages of each. Due Thursday 27th November – page 175 (big textbook)
Instrument
Benefits
Disadvantages
Digital hand held hydrometer
Digital maximum-minimum thermometer
Tipping bucket rain gauge

2. Interpreting weather and climate data
L/O: to be able to interpret weather and climate data and give reasons for the location of particular climates
Where to put it!
On grass
In the middle of an open area – not sheltered by buildings or trees – WHY?

3. Date: 4th March 2011
Weather station A
Weather station B
City/town/country
Ecosystem/climate
Max daily temp
Min daily temp
Daily temp range
Mean daily temp
Pressure (high/low)
Wind direction
Strongest wind
Precipitaion total
Precipitatiomn distribution
Weather event

4. Lines of longitude and latitude1
Lines of latitude and longitude are divided into degrees
On your world map:
Find 30°N and 31°E
The 08’ and the 24’ are the minutes as each degree is divided into 60 minutes for more accuracy.
b) Find the country at 1°N and 103°E
Egypt?
Singapore

5. What climate do our TWO countries have?
World Climate Zones
Although there are many climates in the world we are mainly interested in
Equatorial
Desert
Savannah
Mediterranean
Marine west coast
These may be called something else on the map however they can be characterised by similar rainfall and temperatures.
What climate do our TWO countries have?
Egypt: Arid (very dry) Singapore: Tropical wet

6. Ecosystem / climate zone / biome – use an atlas to find out the climate
Maximum temperature – the highest temperature
Minimum temperate – the lowest temperature
Mean daily temperature – the average temperature
Add all the temps together and ÷ by the total number of temps
Range of temperatures – the highest temperature to the lowest
Humidity – how much water vapour there is in the air shown as a % or total amount of water there could be before it must rain/snow
Pressure – the weight of the atmosphere
a) below 1013mb = low (worse weather) b) above 1013mb = high (fairer weather)
Precipitation distribution – largest amount of water (rain/snow) to smallest amount
Precipitation daily total – addition of all rain/snow fall
Weather event – any particular weather recorded?
Weather data

7. World Climate Zones or biomes
Although there are many climates in the world we are mainly interested in
Equatorial
Desert
Savannah
Mediterranean
Marine west coast
These may be called something else on the map however they can be characterised by similar rainfall and temperatures.

8. What causes differences in Climate
1. Latitude.
The further places are away from the equator the colder they are.
On the equator there is a lot of rainfall because the heat of the sun causes a lot of evaporation. This is why rainforests are found here – the equatorial climate.

9. Other Factors
2. Altitude/ relief: as air rises it falls by 1 degree centigrade for every 100m. This means it is cooler in mountainous areas and more likely to rain as water condenses.
3. Prevailing Wind: This means the main wind direction.
If it comes from the sea it will bring moist air which will cause rain if the sea is warm enough. Not all areas will benefit however. See the diagram on the right. What is the area called not receiving rain.

10. Distance from Sea and Effect of Ocean Currents
Places by the sea often have a lower temperature range and are wetter than places inland.
In summer they are cooler but in winter they are warmer than inland.
5. Ocean Currents. Places that are near to cold currents are often colder and drier than they should be. Why?

11. Learning about Climate Graphs
Line graph for temperature
You must be able to describe climate graphs.
You need to be able to say what type of climate it is
Rainfall – What is the yearly total. Is it wet, dry or seasonal
When is the highest and the lowest rainfall.
Temperature. – is it generally hot, cold or mild. When is the lowest month and the highest. What is the range of temperature. (difference between high and low)
Bars show rainfall

12. Describe the equatorial climate
What are the characteristics of each region – give data for each place!
Equatorial
Describe the equatorial climate
Temperature range
rainfall

13. Desert Climate Describe the climate graph.
Think rainfall temperature range

14. Mediterranean Climate
Describe the climate Graph.
Equatorial
Desert
Mediterranean

15. Different climate zones research
You will be given one place in one country and the climate data and you will need to:
Use an atlas to find the climate zone of your location
Give the longitude and latitude references for your location
Create a neat climate graph for your location
Use your graph to describe the climate including:
Temperature range, monthly and anuually
Annual rainfall distribution – highest to lowest
Average monthly temperatures
Average annual rainfall – amount of rain per year
Use the climate factors and the physical features from the atlas to explain the reasons for the climate of your area.
Different climate zones research