1. 1.If there were no subjunctive mood, English _______ much easier to learn.
A. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been
[B]从句为if引导的虚拟条件句，表示对现在事实的假设，主句谓语用would+do的形式
2. __________ you _______ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.
A. If, had B. Have, had C. Should, have D. In case, had
[C]提干是对将来的假设，should常出现在if条件句中，表示语气较强的假设。如果省略If, 则should应提至句首，句子需部分倒装。

2. 3. It is absolutely essential that William ________ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.
A. will continue B. continued C. continue D. continues
[C] It is essential that +虚拟语气（should do）,其中should 可以省略。
4. If only the patient _______ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.
A. had received B. received C. should receive D. were receiving
[A] If only 引导的虚拟句中，表示与现在事实相反时，谓语动词用did，表示与过去事实相反动词用had done. He might still be alive表明病人未能活到现在，即已死去，符合后面一种情况。

3. 5. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds ________ his arguments in favor of the new theory.
A. to be based on B. to base on C. which to base on D. on which to base
[D]因为which 作介词on的语，整体结构应是base his argument on the grounds，介词on提前。
6. Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it
_________ in Cuba.
A. being cultivated B. been cultivated C. having cultivated D. cultivating
[A] 填found 的宾补，应用其非谓语形式，而It与cultivate是被动，所以选A。

4. 7. The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it ________ into fragments.
A. broke off B. broke up C. was broken off D. was broken up
[B] break off 中断，停止 break up 破碎 用主动
8. The decision_________, the next problem was how to make a good plan.
A. having made B. having been making C. having been made D. been made
[C]独立结构，由句意得知已作出决定，用完成时， the decision与make是被动关系，要用被动。

5. 9. What a lovely party! It’s worth ________ all my life.
A. remembering B. to remember C. to be remembered D. being remembered
[A]be worth doing 主动表被动
10. ___________ such a good chance, he planned to learn more.
A. To be given B. Having been given C. Having given D. Giving
[B]he 是give chance 的承受者，所以用被动be given，又因be given chance在 he plan 之前，所以要用完成式。

6. 11.Some women ____a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. A. must make B. should have made C. would make D. could have made
D表达的是与过去事实相反的情况，所以用would have done的结构

7. 12. ____ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand. A
12.____ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand. A. Not being 　　 B. Had it not been 　　 C. Without being 　 D. Not having been
B从句省略连词if的虚拟语气 ，动词should/had 应提到从句主语的前面。如： Should I have time, I would call her.

8. 13. If only the committee ______the regulations and put them into effect as possible. A. approve 　　 B. will approve 　　 C. can approve 　　D. would approve
D If only 表示愿望时与wish用法相同。再如： If only that photograph weren't missing. If only the letter had arrived in time.

9. 14.Frankly speaking, I'd rather you ___ anything about it for the time being. A. didn't do B. haven't done C. don't do D. have done
A .would rather的虚拟语气形式在这几年考查是最多的,但would rather从句的时态规则并不复杂。 如果表示与过去事实相反的情况用过去完成时，否则用一般过去时

10. 15_____ right now, she would get there on Sunday. A. Would she leave B
15_____ right now, she would get there on Sunday. A. Would she leave B. If she leaves 　　 C. Were she to leave 　　 D. If she had left
C如果表示将来不可能实现的事情，从句中用过去时，或were to / should + 原形动词

11. 16.They talked in such an uneasy manner as if something terrible ___soon. A. had happened 　　B. happened 　　 C. would happen 　　D. has happened
C由as if/as though引导的虚拟语气, 如果从句中谓语动词后于主句谓语动词发生，用would/might + 原形动词

12. 17. He operates the new computer as if he _____ special training in it
17.He operates the new computer as if he _____ special training in it. A. has received 　　B. had received 　　 C. would receive 　　D. received
B由as if/as though引导的虚拟语气,如果从句中谓语动词表示先于主句谓语动词的动作或状态，用过去完成时

13. 18.In the lecture_____ he will tell us something about modern English usage. A. following B. followed C. to follow D. being followed
C在这里不定式作后置定语有将来的意思。

14. 19._____mainly for the intention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf. A. He is remembered B. To remember C. While remembering D. Though remembered
D分句短语被省略的逻辑主语应与主句的主语一致，即为Bell.且句子表达的是被动意义

15. 20. Weather_____, we’ll go for an outing. A. being permitted B
20.Weather_____, we’ll go for an outing. A. being permitted B. permitted C. permitting D. permits
C. Weather permitting是一个独立主格结构。

16. 21.In the lecture he will tell us somrthing about modern English usage. A. following B. followed C. to follow D. being followed
C 在这里不定式做后置定语有将来的意思

17. 22. He rushed into the room, his face with sweat.
A. dripping
B. dripped
C. being dripped
D. was dripping
A 后半句是独立主格结构，drip是一个不及物动词，只能采用-ing的主动形式

18. 23. He found Irene at the piano with her hands on the keys.
A. seating
B. seated
C. seat
D. to seat
B seat在这里是一个及物动词

19. 24. They so tired if they for a whole day.
A. wouldn’t feel... didn’t walk
B. wouldn’t feel... weren’t walking
C. wouldn’t be feeling... weren’t walking
D.wouldn’t be feeling... hadn’t been walking
D 条件从句中使用过去完成时表示对过去的假设，主语使用would + 进行体表示现在的假设。此句可以翻译为“要不是走了一天，现在他们就不会这么累了”。

20. 25. It’s a shame able to give them any advice.
A. not to have been
B. to have not been
C. to have been not
D. to not have been
A 不定式的否定形式要把not放在不定式符号to前面

21. 26. If it too much trouble, I’d love a cup of coffee.
hadn’t been
B. isn’t
C. weren’t
D. may not be
B if从句是一个真实的条件句， 主句中would仅起礼貌作用

22. 27.He adviced Mary anyone about the shortages.
A. not telling
B. not tell
C. tell not
D. not to tell
D 不定式的否定形式要把否定词not 放在to前面

23. 28. We propose that somebody neutral the chair.
A. take
B. to take
C. taking
D. took
A propose表示建议，之后的that从句中应用动词原形，此类词还有decide, decree, demand, prefer 等

24. 29. If he guilty, John shall have the right of appeal.
is found
B. has been found
C. be found
D. found
C 此句为If引导的分句，带有推测的含义，采用be-型虚拟式

25. 30. He makes a note of the assignment lest he it.
forgets
B. forget
C. may forget
D. will forget
B lest指以免，唯恐，担心；此句中表示假设可能发生的事，用虚拟式

26. 31. If it Professor Russel standing up for him, he would have had to leave. A. hasn’t been for B. hadn’t been for C. was for D. were for B 考察if从句中虚拟语气的用法。Standing up for him是已经发生的事情，所以要用过去完成时表示对过去情况的虚拟。

27. 32. Had he worked harder, he ____the exams.
A. must have got through B. would have got through
C. would get through D. could get through
B考察虚拟语气。本句子的从句是一个省略if的倒装句，即if he had worked harder, 这是对过去事实的虚拟，因此需要使用would have got through

28. 33. Laura would have been more considerate if she had changed a little bit,_____?
A. hadn’t she B. hasn’t she C. wouldn’t she D. didn’t she
C 考察虚拟语气的反义疑问句。反义疑问句一般和主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系，主句的谓语部分为would have been，因此选择C项。

29. 34. Justice, as well as the law, _______that these bandits ______severely punished.
A.demand…be B.demands…be C. demand…are D. demands…are
B正义和法律都要严惩这些匪徒。
考察主谓一致和虚拟语气。当句子主语是“名词+介词词组（with+名词；as well as +名词；together with +名词；等）”时，谓语动词要与介词词组之前的中心名词一致。本句子主语的中心名词justice是单数，所以谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。表示建议，命令，要求的动词（如suggest，demand，insist，request，recommend，advise等）后面的并与从句使用虚拟语气，从句谓语形式为“（should）+动词原形”，should可以省略。

30. 35.The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it ____, was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war. A. was turned out     B. was being turned out C. being turned out  D. turned out
D)  
  后来证明他的财产被国家没收的原因是，战争期间他参与了诈骗活动。
  it turned out (to be)这里作插入语，意为“证明是…”。

31. 36.This may have preserved the antelope from being wiped out as well as other animals _________.
A. hunted B. hunting C. that hunted D. are hunted
A考察分词的用法。本题需要后置定语修饰 Other animals，animals 与hunt之间为被动关系，所以需要用被动语态的定语从句或过去分词。

32. 37. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, rice ________by far the biggest cereal crop.
A. is B. been C. be D. being
D农业是该国财富的主要来源，而水稻是其最重要的谷类植物。
考察独立主格结构。由于逗号不能连接两个完整的句子，因而逗号后所连接部分只能是非谓语形式，即独立主格结构作句子的状语。Rice和be之间为主动关系，因此用现在分词being。选项A和C为句子谓语，可先排除；而B为过去分词，表被动形式，不符合。

33. 38. It was essential that a meeting ___________ this week.
A. must be convened C. be convened B. would be convened D. was convened
C本周这一次会议很重要。考察虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用。在“it is + 某些形容词+that 主语从句”中，主语从句中的谓语要用“（should）+动词原形”虚拟，这些形容词包括：essential，imperative,anxious,vital,appropriate,eager,possible,necessary,urgent,desirable,proper,preferable,keen等。

34. 39.　＿＿＿＿tomorrow , he would get there by Wednesday.
A. Would he leave B. If he leaves
C. Was he leaving D. Were he to leave
D考察虚拟语气在条件句中的用法，本题省略IF故而需要倒装，其结构是：Were/Should/Had + 主语 +其他成分。Were不能用was代替。

35. 40. _________enough time and money , the scientists would have been able to discover more in this field.
A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.Being given
C考察分词的用法，give和scientists之间是被动关系，故排除A和B。being given 为现在分词的被动形式，这种结构作状语，一般表示原因。而本句子为虚拟语气，暗含“如果 假设”之意，所以选择C.