1. Unit 2.2 Creativity of the Ancients Part II Greece and Rome

2. Why should we learn about the Greeks and Romans?
WHAT?? Another two civilisations to study?
These two civilisations formed the foundation of “Western” civilisation in Europe
Much of our world today – from democracy to sports – was influenced by them
Your English, Math and Science classes all bear the imprint of their legacy – even P.E., Art and Music

3. c. 3500 BC Sumerian civilisation begins c. 2550 BC Great Pyramid built
Timeline Activity!
c BC Sumerian civilisation begins
c BC Great Pyramid built
AD 476
Fall of Rome
AD 2014
AD 1
How many years are there between the end of Roman civilisation and…
The beginning of Sumerian civilisation?
 3976
The building of the Great Pyramid?
 3026
Our current year?
1538

4. Welcome to…
Ancient Greece

5. Lessons Overview Ancient Greece Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Introduction
Legacies

6. Lesson 1: WHO WERE THE GREEKS?

7. Lesson Objectives At the end of the lesson, pupils will be able to :-
identify the achievements of the ancient Greek civilisation
identify at least one legacy of the ancient Greeks
work effectively in pairs / groups
value the triumph of human ingenuity and resourcefulness

8. Tuning In Activities Activity 1 Video : ‘History of Ancient Greece’
Guiding questions as you watch the video…
Recall the earlier lesson on ‘Introduction to Ancient Civilisations’ on the discovery of Troy by an amateur German archaeologist
What were some of the reasons for the practices, architecture and beliefs of the ancient Greeks?

9. Tuning In Activities Activity 2 Video : ‘Who were the Greeks?’
Guiding questions as you watch the video…
What are some similarities that you can see between Ancient Greece and Singapore?
What are some relevant NE Messages that can be applied from the lessons that we can learn from the Ancient Greeks?

10. “Winning was everything… second place meant nothing”
Activity 2
Video : ‘Who were the Greeks?’
“Winning was everything… second place meant nothing”
Do I agree with this statement?
How did I feel when I did/did not win at something?
What might be the good and bad consequences of this?
Would you like to live in such a society?
How should we treat those who do better or worse than us?

11. Tuning In Activities Activity 3
Video : ‘Engineering an empire : Greece’
Guiding questions as you watch the video…
How is the value of ‘loyalty’ displayed by the ancient Greeks?
In the present day, why are wars and battles detrimental for many countries?
How can we show loyalty to our country?
AE-infused class discussion : Link to the value of loyalty
Greek soldiers’ determination to defend their homeland
Themistokles (the victorious Athenian commander) who ironically went to serve Persia after exile from Athens

12. Tuning In Activities Activity 4
DVD : ‘Ancient Civilizations for Children – Ancient Greece’

13. Tuning In Activities
Activity 5
K-W-L worksheet
Timeline worksheet

14. Worksheet 1 Step 1 : Read Coursebook 5A pg 88 – 93 individually
Think-Pair-Share
Step 1 : Read Coursebook 5A pg 88 – 93 individually
Step 2 : Pair up with a partner
Step 3 : In your pair,
complete the worksheet ‘Who were the Greeks?’
highlight 2 things that reflect the *resourcefulness and *ingenuity of the ancient Greeks
Step 4 : Be prepared to share with the class
* Resourcefulness - the ability to find quick and clever ways to overcome difficulties
* Ingenuity - quality of being clever, original, and inventive

15. Research – Legacy of the Greeks
Each pupil will be assigned 1 category to research on:
Architecture & Arts
The Sciences
Ideals & Practices (e.g. the Olympics)
Language & Writing
System of Governance

16. Research – Legacy of the Greeks
Find out and reflect on:
WHAT the Greeks have given us
WHY this was a great achievement
WHY this legacy is important to you

17. Research – Legacy of the Greeks
Primary source of research  5A Coursebook
The following 3 websites should be the primary source for online researches
Be prepared to present your research to the class in the next lesson
Book is available in the school SS Treasure Shelf

18. More facts about GREECE

19. City-State “Greece” consisted of about 1500 city-states (polis)
The most prominent cultural centre: Athens
The most warlike: Sparta
Each was a city surrounded by farmland
Each self-sufficient economically
Need for alliances amidst constant rivalry

20. Shared Greek identity Same language Same religious beliefs
Same holy places – provided opportunities for interaction
Rivalry and warfare
Olympics – suspended warfare every 4 years
United to fight a common enemy - Persians

21. The Acropolis Literally “Upper / Higher City” in Athens
Used as a palace, temple and fortress
Surrounded by other temples

22. Lego Acropolis!

23. The Greco-Persian Wars (499-449 BC)
For 50 years, Greek states fought invasions from the powerful Persian Empire
At several famous battles, Greek armies won impossible victories against larger Persian armies
If Greece had been conquered, many of its achievements in philosophy, science and the arts would never have been created
Examples of famous Greek Victories:
490 BC - Battle of Marathon – 10,000 Athenians vs. 100,000 Persians. Persians defeated, 6400 killed. Athenians only lost 192.
480 BC - Battle of Thermopylae – 300 Spartans vs. entire Persian army
480 BC – Battle of Salamis – Naval battle where 370 Greek warships defeated 1000 Persian ships

24. What can Singapore learn?
We are also a small City-State
A strong defence allows every area of our culture to grow securely
Everyone is needed for Total Defence
We need alliances with friendly nations

25. Alexander the Great’s Empire
Included Mesopotamia and Egypt

26. Ancient Sumer and Egypt – contributions to Greece
Division of Time
Greece copied the 24-hour Day from Mesopotamia
Water clocks and Sundials
Both were used in Greece
Water clocks were used in court cases to make sure speakers had exactly the same amount of time
Papyrus
The Greeks imported it from Egypt as writing material
The Greek word for the Papyrus plant - “Papuros” - gave us the English word “Paper”
The Greeks also called the plant “Biblos” – which gives us the English word “Bible” (book)

27. Conquest by Rome
Eventually, a rising new power – Rome – conquered the Greek city-states
However, this actually helped to spread Greek culture
The Romans began to worship Greek gods
One Roman Emperor – Hadrian – even rebuilt Athens
Romans often travelled to Greece as tourists, as we would today!

28. Conclusion
The ancient Greeks were communities of people who lived in present-day Greece.
They adapted to their environment and built cities near the sea.
They planted crops that suit the climate and land conditions such as grapes and olives.
They interacted with one another through sea travel.
The ancient Greeks influenced thinking, architecture, the arts and sciences and the lives of many people who lived throughout the Greek empire.