1. A Consumer's Guide to Computer Systems What Do You Need to Know When Buying a Computer? Chapter 5

2. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -2 Objectives 1.Describe the purpose and characteristics of the system unit components. 2.Identify the various options available for input and output devices and the advantages and disadvantages of each. 3.Describe the possibilities and limitations of adding peripheral devices to a notebook.

3. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -3 Objectives cont. 4.Understand that a computer is a very flexible tool and, to make the most of its capabilities, you have to make specific choices. 5.Describe some of the many options you have for computer gaming and photography.

4. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -4 A:// Inside the Box System unit –Case or box where motherboard and system units are housed Motherboard –Large circuit board inside the system unit –Holds the CPU, memory, and other electronic components –Also called the mainboard or system board

5. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. X - 5 Motherboard

6. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -6 The Basic System CPU & memory largely determine the power level or speed of your computer To run multimedia software, you will need a more powerful computer To get a more powerful computer, you pay a higher price

7. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -7 The Central Processing Unit A chip that carries out instructions it receives from system & application software Called CPU, microprocessor, processor, or chip Comes in various types or speed –Speeds quoted in megahertz or gigahertz - # of cycles per second

8. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -8 Memory Called RAM ( random access memory) Temporary memory that holds –Software instructions –Information for the CPU Shortage of memory will slow down processing time The more complex the software, the more memory you’ll need

9. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. X - 9 Computer Memory System 1System 2System 3 128 MB SDRAM2 GB DDR RAM4 GB DDR RAM

10. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -10 Capacity and Type of RAM A kilobyte (KB or K) is about 1,000 bytes –A kilobyte is exactly 1,024 bytes A megabyte (MB or M or Meg) is roughly 1 million bytes A gigabyte (GB or Gig) is about 1 billion bytes A terabyte (TB) is approximately 1 trillion bytes How big is a petabyte? Exabyte?

11. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -11 RAM and Virtual Memory RAM –Temporary storage –Holds software instructions Virtual memory –Space on the hard disk –Used by your computer when there is not enough memory in disk Holds less used software instructions if there’s no room on in RAM

12. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. X - 12 RAM & Virtual Memory Excel Windows 2000 Word RAM Operating System Word Virtual Memory Hard Disk

13. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. X - 13 ISeries Ethics, Security & Privacy A spy inside your computer –Pentium III CPUs had an internal serial number (PSN) –Put there by Intel to provide security –PSN was seen as an invasion of privacy –PSN was discontinued as of April 2000

14. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -14 Bays For Storage Units A place in the system unit reserved for storage Types –Internal For hard disks Have a least one –External Floppy disk drives CD-ROMs & DVDs Zip drives Three 5.25 " external bays One 3.25” drive

15. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -15 Magnetic and Optical Storage

16. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -16 Hard Disk Drives Magnetic storage media One or more thin platters that store information Read/write heads access the information on surface –Heads read information while copying it from disk to RAM –Heads write information when copying it from RAM to disk

17. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -17 Hard Drives Long term storage for the operating system and application software Operating system and application software are copied from the hard disk to memory Capacity measured in gigabytes

18. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -18 Removable Storage Two varieties –Magnetic –Optical

19. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -19 Removable Magnetic Storage Floppy Mylar disk –Housed inside a hard plastic casing –Thin, flexible plastic disk 3.5 inch floppy disks –also called floppies, diskettes, floppy disks High-capacity disks –Zip® disk

20. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -20 Removable Magnetic Storage cont. Metal platter disk –Called removable hard disks –Provide a higher storage capacity than Mylar disks Example - Jaz® disk with capacity of up to 2 GB

21. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -21 Optical Storage CDs DVDs Both are optical storage and have three formats: –Read only –Write once –Rewrite

22. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -22 Optical Storage Read-Only  CD-ROM  DVD-ROM One-Time Writable  CD-R  DVD-R Fully Read-and- Write  CD-RW  DVD-RW or DVD+RW or DVD-RAM

23. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -23 Practically Speaking Are Deleted Files Gone? Files on removable media –Name of the file removed from directory –Space is available –File not physically gone Files on hard disk –Files can go into the recycle bin Files on server –Copies of e-mail may still be at ISP

24. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -24 Making the Grade Section A: // 1.The brain of your computer is the ___________. 2.__________ is temporary storage that holds software instructions and information for the CPU. 3.A terabyte is one ________________ bytes. 4.Zip disk drives are an example of removable ____________ storage. 5.You can write information to a CD-R ________ time(s).

25. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -25 B:// Outside the Box Basic output devices –Monitors –Printers Basic input devices –Keyboard –Mouse

26. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -26 Point-and-Click Devices Touchpad Mouse –Standard mouse –Trackball –Optical mouse –Wireless mouse

27. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -27 IBuy Saving Your Neck - All the Rest of You Computer work can lead to physical problems Ergonomics – deals with reducing discomfort Should sit up straight at your computer

28. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -28 Monitors CRTs Flat-panel displays –Gas plasma –LCD (liquid crystal display) Passive matrix Active matrix –Called TFT (thin film transistor) –Separate transistor for every pixel

29. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -29 Evaluating Monitors Screen size –Measured from corner to opposite corner –In a CRT, picture does not fill the screen Resolution –Number of pixels –Pixel (picture element) – dots that make up the image on the screen Dot Pitch – distance between the centers of a pair of like-colored pixels

30. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -30 Printers Inkjet – most popular –Make images by forcing droplets through nozzles –Top speed is 20 pages per minute Laser –Forms images using an electronic process –Prints between 3 and 30 pages per minute

31. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -31 Printers cont. Multifunction printers –Will scan, copy, fax, and print –Cheaper than buying all individual units –Can be inkjet or laser –Take up less desk space than separate devices

32. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -32 Connecting Devices to the System Unit USB (universal serial bus) connector – allows hot-swap Plug and Play Firewire – faster than USB Serial connector –some have 9 holes –some have 25 holes Parallel connector – –has 25 pins –generally used to connect printers IrDA (infrared data association) – for wireless devices

33. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. X - 33 Types of Connectors Parallel Connector used with printers, CD drives, Zip drives. Serial connector used with a modem or a mouse USB connector used with modems, keyboards, scanners, and a variety of other devices

34. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -34 Ports Connectors plug into ports Ports correspond to connectors –USB ports fit USB connectors –Serial ports have 9 or 25 pins –Parallel ports have 25 holes

35. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -35 Examples of Ports Serial ports USB ports Parallel port

36. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -36 Making the Grade Section B: // 1.A(n) _________ mouse senses movement with red light and moves the cursor accordingly. 2.The ___of your screen is the number of pixels it has. 3._______ printers make images by forcing ink droplets through nozzles. 4.The kind of connector you might find on a keyboard or flat panel display would be a __________ connector. 5.An IrDA port is for _________ devices.

37. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -37 C:// Notebook Computers Small, light weight, and portable Can run on a battery Monitor or screen is usually an LCD screen Pointing devices are usually touchpads or trackballs built into the keyboard

38. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -38 Adding Peripheral Devices to Notebooks PC Card slots PC Card –Expansion card used to add devices –Hot-swap Can change, or swap out cards without shutting down your computer –Docking station Small platform for notebook Plug peripherals into docking station

39. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -39 Making the Grade Section C: // 1.A notebook computer can run when plugged into a wall outlet or off a __________. 2.The main advantage of a notebook is its _____. 3.The pointing device on a notebook is usually a trackball or _________. 4.An expansion card for a notebook is called a _________ Card. 5.The term _________ means you can change or swap out devices without turning off the computer.

40. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -40 D:// Consumer Issues Gaming enthusiast –Joystick –Speakers –Speed for processing Photography enthusiasts –Digital cameras for input –Printers –Speed for processing

41. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -41 Question and Answers Do I need a docking station for my notebook computer? Do I need to buy a video card? Do I automatically get sound with my system?

42. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -42 Making the Grade Section D:// 1.A joystick is a(n) ___________ device. 2.Both video and ________ cards are usually installed on the motherboard or integrated into it when you buy your computer system. 3.The resolution of digital camera images is measured in __________. 4.Video cards often have their own CPU and ____. 5.A small platform into which you can plug your whole notebook computer is called a _____station.

43. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -43 E:// "Key" Key Terms bay (p. 5.8) CD-R (compact disc – recordable) (p. 5.13) CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) (p. 5.13) CD-RW (compact disc – rewritable) (p. 5.15) central processing unit (CPU, processor) (p. 5.3) computer system (p. 5.2) CRT (p. 5.17)

44. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -44 "Key" Key Terms cont. DVD-R (DVD – recordable) (p. 5.13) DVD-ROM (p. 5.13) DVD-RW (DVD- RAM, DVD+RW) ergonomics (p. 5.15) Firewire (p.000) flat-panel display (p. 5.21) LCD (liquid crystal display) (p. 5.17) motherboard (main board, system board) (p. 5.2) RAM (random access memory) (p. 5.5) USB (universal serial bus) (p. 5.21)

45. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -45 Frequently Asked Questions I just increased the speed of my computer's CPU and even though my games run faster, I don't notice a difference when I create a document in Word. Is something wrong? What's the difference between the CPU and memory? I have a Pentium II computer. Is this an older computer?

46. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -46 FAQs cont. I saw advertisement in the paper for a computer with 64MB of memory? Is this a good deal? Someone sent me a zipped file. Do I read this on a Zip disk drive – like a Jaz drive? I am confused. What's the difference between DVDs and CDs?

47. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -47 FAQs cont. What 's the advantage of having a flat screen monitor? Is Firewire some kind of wire or cable? If I want to add a printer to my notebook computer, do I need a docking station?

48. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -48 Hands On Projects E-Commerce You want to build your own computer. Find Web sites that will tell you what parts you need and how to put one together. Many companies accept resumes over the Internet. Find sites that will help you create a resume. Are the rules the same for sending a resume over the Net versus through the mail?

49. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -49 Hands On Projects On the Web If you could afford the best computer, what would you get? Go to a Web site and price a computer that is "loaded" with everything you want. Find the same computer at other sites and compare the price. You want to send pictures over the Internet. Go to the Internet and price a variety of digital cameras.

50. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -50 Hands On Projects Ethics, Security & Privacy Computer theft, especially of notebooks, happens often. What can be done to protect computer equipment and keep it out of the hands of thieves? What security measures are in place in your school's computer lab? Visit the different labs and make recommendations.

51. McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright 2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 -51 Hands On Projects Group Activities List all of the CPUs that you come in contact with during the course of one day. Compare your list with others. Why is temporary storage on a computer called memory or RAM? Do research and find out why developers chose these titles.