2. 1 ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning CK Farn Tel: (03)426-7250 mailto: ckfarn@mgt.ncu.edu.tw http://www.mgt.ncu.edu.tw/~ckfarn 2004

3. 2 Meaning of ERP A term coined in the 1980’s Just like other terms, “ERP” was soon abused Today, many basic business systems with internal financial management, inventory management and operations control systems are referred to as ERP But, we have to accept the wrong usage

4. 3 Business Operations: Very Early Stage One man show, everything is connected Procurement Inventory Production Sales Delivery

5. 4 Business Operations: Early Stage, with independent functions Barrier Procurement Inventory Production Sales Delivery

6. 5 ERP: Pre-installation No integration across functions Sales Production Delivery Input Output

7. 6 ERP: Objective Functional integration Input Output Sales Production Delivery

8. 7 Internal Functional Integration Production Manage ment Logistics Manage ment Material Manage- ment Barrier

9. 8 Logistics Management ERP Ideal: Internal Integration Production Management Material Management Barrier

10. 9 Supply Chain Management Sales Force Automation Internet Integration Business Intelligent Customer Relationship Management Knowledge Management Electronic Commerce ERP II ERP Enterprise Resource Planning (+BPR ， HR Logistics Service..) MRP II Manufacturing Resource Planning (+Cash flow) MRP Manufacturing Resource Planning (+Capacity) mrp Material Requirement Planning Evolution of ERP

11. MRP ( 物料需求規劃 ) Payroll ( 薪資系統 ) GL ( 總帳會計 ) AP ( 應收帳款系統 ) AR ( 應付帳款系統 ) EDI ( 電子資訊交換 ) Planning ( 計劃 ) Scheduling ( 排程 ) Distribution ( 配銷 ) MRP Ⅱ ( 製造需求規劃 ) MRP Ⅱ ( 製造需求規劃 ) HR ( 人力資源 ) FMIS ( 財務系統 ) E-Commerce ( 電子商務 ) E-Commerce ( 電子商務 ) SFA ( 銷售自動化 ) SFA ( 銷售自動化 ) CRM ( 客戶關係管理 ) CRM ( 客戶關係管理 ) SCM ( 供應鏈管理 ) SCM ( 供應鏈管理 ) ERP ( 企業資源規畫 ) ERP ( 企業資源規畫 ) E-Business ( 電子企業環境 ) ESCM ( 延伸型供應鏈管理 ) EERP ( 延伸型企業資源規劃 ) 1970 1980 19902000 * 資料來源： HP 簡報 Evolution of Business Systems

12. 11 ERP Packages Large systems SAP R/3, Oracle Costs above NT$100 Mil, before year 2000 Including license fee, business process consultant, systems modifications, installation etc. Middle level systems DSC( 鼎新 )Tiptop, DSC WorkFlow ERP, FAST Technologies ( 漢康 ), Proyang ( 普揚 ) NT$ 2-100 Mil Small Systems DSC SmartERP ，正航，高頻，鼎盛

13. 12 ERP Integration: SAP Sales Production Sales order SOP MPS MRP Planned order Produc- tion order Delivery Customer Billing Shop floor control Requi- sition Vendor selection Purchase order Goods receipt Invoice verifi- cation Financial controlling Resource controlling Logistics controlling Sales, Production, Purchasing, Warehouse Customer Order Customer Payment Vendor Payment Inventory Sourcing Presales Activity Purchasing Mat.mgt

14. 13 Invoices AR ENG BOM WIP Bills and Routings Shipments ECOS Work Orders GL AP Planning (MRP) PO Material Requirements Enterprise Demand Vendor PO Interplant PO Receipts Work Orders Customers Journal Entries Journal Entries Vendor Invoices Vendor Payments Transportation Information Bills Items OM INV Internal Payments Corporate Journal Entries Shipments Orders FA Mass Addition Journal Entries COST Receipts Financial Sales HR Payroll Workflow ProductionHR. ERP Integration: Oracle

15. 14 Customers Post ERP: Supply Chain Integration Internal Supply Chain Suppliers 夥伴關係 Integration of Supply and Demand Chains

16. 15 Implementation of ERM After much hardwork, the system is functioning smoothly Question: Are the business operations integrated? Has the inter-functional barriers been removed?

17. 16 Driving a Car You bought a 400 horse-power Ferrari How fast can you drive? Routes? Freeway Dirt road Weather? Clear sky Misty Traffic? Light Congested

18. 17 However, you can be sure… In an era of ox- and mule-carts … Your driving speed will be slow There won’t be freeways, it is useless even if there is The Same goes with ERP No integration without ERP Barriers cannot be removed Even with ERP, integration is not automatic

19. 18 Successful ERP Implementation Success System installation Daily operational usage Benefits realized BPR is essential Business Process Reengineering

20. 19 Business Process Reengineering The fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of core business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical performance measures such as quality, cost, and cycle time. Source: Adapted from Hammer and Champy, Reengineering the Corporation, 1993

21. 20 BPR Example Which is shorter?

22. 21 New Process Major Concepts: Multiple servers, one queue Multiple services per server

23. Ford Accounts Payable Process* Accounts Payable Accounts Payable Vendor Goods Receiving Payment Invoice Receiving document Purchasing Purchase order Copy of purchase order *Source: Adapted from Hammer and Champy, 1993

24. Ford Procurement Process Accounts Payable Accounts Payable Vendor Goods Receiving Payment Goods received Purchasing Purchase order Purchase order Data base

25. 24 Express Mail in the US Traditional Express service Point to point Complicated network and routing 3 days Around $10

26. 25 Air Force base in Memphis Computerized operations Centralized dispatch Guaranteed 24 hour delivery Noon-to-noon 3 times the price Number 1 within 3 years The Rise of FedEx