1. Supply Chain Management

2. What is a supply chain?
What is supply chain management?
What questions need to be answered/ decisions need to be made when managing a supply chain?
What information can help make those decisions?
Where does it come from?
What support can information systems provide to improve SCM?

3. What is a supply chain?
The supply chain refers to the flow of materials, information and services from raw material suppliers through factories and warehouses to the end customers.
A supply chain also includes the organisations and processes that create and deliver these products, information and services to the end customers.

4. The Supply Chain Downstream Upstream Internal Raw material
Distribution
Centres
Supplier
Supplier
Manufacturer
Supplier
Retailers
A simple view of the supply chain.
Customers

5. Parts of the Supply Chain
Upstream:
Your suppliers and their suppliers.
Internal Supply chain:
All the processes involved in transforming the inputs of suppliers to outputs, from the time materials enter an organisation to the time the product goes to distribution outside the organisation.
Downstream:
Delivering the product to the final customers.
What happens then?
There is increased interest in the disposal of goods due to concern for the environment.

8. What is Supply chain management?
aims to plan, organise and coordinate the supply chain activities.
enables companies to optimise the entire logistics, production and distribution process, from acquiring raw materials from suppliers to scheduling production and shipping products to customers.
SCM involves the physical and informational flows between each stage of the supply chain.

9. What activities are we managing ?
Purchasing
Materials handling
Production planning and control
Warehousing inventory control,
Distribution and delivery.

10. Components of Supply Chain Management
Plan
Source
Make
Deliver
Return
Taken from:

11. Plan
Create a strategy for managing all the resources that go toward meeting customer demand for your product or service.
developing a set of metrics to monitor the supply chain so that it is efficient, costs less and delivers high quality and value to customers.
Remember metrics are measures, KPI !

12. Source
Choose the suppliers that will deliver the goods and services you need to create your product or service.
Develop a set of pricing, delivery and payment processes with suppliers and create metrics for monitoring and improving the relationships.
Put together processes for managing the inventory of goods and services you receive from suppliers, including receiving shipments, verifying them, transferring them to your manufacturing facilities and authorizing supplier payments.

13. Make
Schedule the activities necessary for production, testing, packaging and preparation for delivery.
Create metrics to measure quality levels, production output and worker productivity.

14. Deliver This is the part that many insiders refer to as "logistics."
Coordinate the receipt of orders from customers, develop a network of warehouses, pick carriers to get products to customers and set up an invoicing system to receive payments.

15. Return
Create a network for receiving defective and excess products back from customers and supporting customers who have problems with delivered products.
Recycling (

16. What Can Go Wrong? Carrying inventory costs money.
Items are needed but are not available.
Items are available but are not needed.
Carrying inventory costs money.
Not having materials available may mean a loss of custom or a loss of work time.
Deliveries cost money

17. Why Do Problems Arise?
Uncertainty in the demand forecast
Uncertainty in delivery times
Poor quality materials or goods.

18. Management activities involve…
Establishing metrics – Use of mutually agreed upon metrics to evaluate progress and measure the supply chain’s contribution.
Manage exceptions – Create a vehicle for managing exceptions related to demand and inventory
Communicate – Inform supply chain partners about time sensitive information
Plan collaboratively – Perform collaborative planning with the supply chain partners

19. Some SCM Goals …. Reduce the inventory across the supply chain
Improve product quality
Enhance yield and asset usage
Identify top performing suppliers, measure performance over time, negotiate performance based agreements
Measure and improve demand forecasting performance
Improve forecasting accuracy of items not meeting acceptable levels, enable better
management of raw materials, inventory, production planning and finished goods.
Measure accuracy of production plan for a given time period
Identify products that may affect customer service levels and alert sales functions to proactively manage customer relationship
Measure delivery performance of customer orders
Reduction of decision cycle processes

20. How do we avoid problems???
What kind of decisions do people involved in supply chain management have to make?
What kind of information do people involved in supply chain management need (or want)?
How can information systems help with the decision making?
How can information systems help deliver the information which is needed?

21. Questions driving business decisions (IBM 2009)
• Which suppliers are the most reliable? Which have balances outstanding?
• How many days of inventory exist in each warehouse? Are we meeting demand?
• How close are material forecasts to actual results?
• What lead times are required to fulfill an order?
• Which plants have completed the highest number of work orders on time?
• Which plants are performing best against costs? Has this changed over time?`

22. Identify Metrics at different stages of the Chain
What can we measure?

23. List three decisions How much do I need to order.
What do I need to order.
How much do I need to make
How long will it take to get stuff to the customer.
Who should I buy materials from.
Should I accept this order.

24. What information would help me make these?

25. SCM Systems
SCM systems are the combination of hardware, software, processes and people that manage the supply chain.
Information systems which manage the supply chain.

26. Supply Chain Intelligence
SCI requires the ability to analyze products, processes, components, and materials.
This demands a data integration infrastructure, which provides capability to extract, transform and load data acquired from multiple enterprise sources like ….

27. DATA Sources quality management data
shop floor manufacturing data sources
legacy system data sources
data from online industry trading exchanges
market places & auction, demographics
marketing data from third party data suppliers.
DATA Sources
ERP source data
SCM source data
CRM source data
customer data
supplier data
product manufacturing / testing data,

28. Benefits of Good Supply Chain Management
Reduction in uncertainty and risks in the supply chain
Positively affect
Inventory levels
Cycle time
Processes
Customer service
Reduce costs and increase profitability

29. Software used in the Supply Chain
Each Individual segment of the Supply Chain can benefit from computer support.
The big payoff comes with integrated systems.