1. Seeing a Three- Dimensional World Jie Ju Lin

2. Outline Introduction Major sources of depth information Binocular and Monocular Static cues Sensation and perception

3. Introduction

4. Major sources of depth information Depth information Oculamotor Accommodation ( 水晶體 ) Convergence ( 聚集角度 ) Visual monocular StaticMotion parallex Binocular ( 視網膜 ) (Adapt from Randolph al., 2006)

5. Binocular and Monocular Binocular Seeing with two eyes. The retinal disparity between these imagines provides a depth cue. ( Stereoscopic display) Monocular Seeing with one eyes

6. static cues Interposition: (partial occlusion) Refers to the appearance of one object is partially covered by another. If one object practically covered by other, the fully exposed one is perceived as nearer

7. The circle appears to line behind the rectangle,which appears to lie behind the triangle.

9. static cues Shading and Light When objects are lighted from one direction, they normally have shadow that offer some cure about the objects’ orientation relative to us. The surface of an object nearest the light source is generally the brightest.

12. static cues Liner Perspective Liner perceptive involve systematically decreasing the size of more distant elements and the space separating them. when we see two converging line, we assume that they are two parallel lines receding in depth.

14. static cues Relative size: (familiar size) If objects are known to be the same true size, those subtending a smaller visual image on the retina (the retina imagine) are assumed to be farther away.

16. static cues Textural gradients Most surfaces textured, and when the plane of a texture is oriented toward the line if sight, the grain will grow finer at greater distance.

18. static cues Aerial perspective: (clearness) Is due to the effect of very small particles in atmosphere on light. more distant objects often tend to be hazier and less clearly defined.

20. Sensation and perception Distal Stimulus 3D Proximal Stimulus 2D Perception 3D

21. Sensation and perception Interposition Aerial perspective Textural gradients Relative size Shading and Light Liner Perspective

22. Sensation and perception SensationPerception NounMeaningless mental qualities Meaningful understanding of world/self verbPhysical process Logical process (Adapt from Goldstein, 2007)

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