2. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1 Design and Technology

3. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 2 Scope of Operations Support from Accounting, Finance, Human Resources, Information Systems Marketing & Sales Customer Order Entry Distribution Whse & transport, by channel Customer Requirements Product Design Process Design Production Quality Materials Management Supply Chain Management, Purchasing, Inventory Control Planning Strategy Capacity Schedule

4. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 3 Freedom to Choose Given a product design and forecast, now need to design the process Need to select processes and materials Free to choose from a variety of sourcing options on the spectrum: buy fully assembled to fabricate from raw materials. Each option has benefits and costs, depending on your business situation. Consider K-Bob

5. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 4 Process Notes

6. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 5 Process Flow Structures Continuous Processing Assembly Line Intermittent/ Batch FMS Job Shop Project Shop

7. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 6 Attributes of Production Systems System Inputs (Volume, Variety) System Outputs (Volume, Variety) Operator Tasks (Number, type, complexity) Yield Rework/ Cycling Production Volume Variability (Supply, Demand, Internal)

8. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 7 Characteristics –Inputs and outputs (defined, high vol., low var.) –Operator tasks (defined, few in number, simple) –High yields, low rework, no cycling –High volume, low variety beyond original design –Problems with Demand variability, controlled supply and system variability (quality) Continuous, Assembly, and Batch Operations

9. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 8 Flexible Manufacturing Cells Characteristics –Inputs and outputs (defined, medium vol., medium var.) –Operator tasks (defined, few in number, simple) –High yields, low rework, can have cycling –Medium volume, medium variety –Accommodates Demand variability, requires controlled supply and system variability (quality)

10. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 9 Job Shop Characteristics –Inputs and outputs (defined, medium to low volume, medium to high variety) –Operator tasks (skilled, multiple in number, variable) –Medium yields, medium rework, can have cycling –Medium to low volume, medium to high variety –Accommodates variability

11. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1010 Characteristics –Inputs and outputs (poorly defined, low volume, high variety) –Operator tasks ((highly)skilled, multiple, variable) –possible low yields, possible high rework, cycling often –low volume, high variety –Designed to accommodate variability Project Shop

12. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 11 Design of the Product and Process

13. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1212 Design Process Overview Product Planning Customer Requirements -> Customer Value Design Requirements Product Design Part/item characteristics Process Planning Process Operations Process Control Operations Requirements Production Design for Manufacturability

14. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1313 Effective Product/Process Design Measures of design effectiveness Design for operations guidelines Customer needs, Competitor’s Capabilities Multi-functional Design Team Competitive Environment Design Strategy

15. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1414 Impact of Technology of Product and Process

16. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1515 Notes on Technology Impact of Technology –Automating Design (Process) –Automating Production (Process) –Source of new products (Product) Countries consider technology research a competitive weapon

17. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1616 FMS/ AWMH/ CIM Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) AGV Automated Warehouse Flexible Manufacturing Systems

18. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1717 Automated MFG. Planning and Cntl ASM Sub- ASM Sub- ASM Detroit Lyon, FR Singapore

19. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1818 Technology Notes Technology Classifications –Product/ Process Technologies –Hardware/ Software Motivations –Capability/ Features –Cost –Speed of Delivery –Quality –Flexibility Customizability

20. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 1919 Production Technologies NC Machines/ Machining Centers/ FMS Robots CAD/ CAM/ CAE/ CA Pro Pln Automated Materials Handling Computer Integrated Manufacturing Automated Manufacturing Planning and Control

21. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 2020 Service Technologies Office Automation Image Processing Systems Electronic Data Interchange Decision Support Systems

22. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 2121 Evaluation of Technology Investments Labor Costs Material Costs Inventory Costs Transportation and Distribution Costs Quality Costs Increased Product Variety Improved Features & Quality Shorter Cycle Times

23. Design, pageRaffoBA 339 2 Risks Technical Operational Organizational Environmental Cost