1. Section 4: The Terms of Peace Objectives:
CHAPTER 18
World War I and the Russian Revolution
Section 4: The Terms of Peace
Objectives:
Identify the Fourteen Points.
Summarize how WWI came to an end.
Describe problems the leaders at the Paris Peace Conference faced.

2. The End of the War: September-November, 1918
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The Terms of Peace
Bell Ringer 18.4:
What events led to the end of World War I?
The End of the War: September-November, 1918
September
October
November
_________ are stopped at the Marne River
_______ ask for peace
__________abdicates, ___________republic is announced
______________ stops fighting, forms separate governments
________ surrenders
_________ signs armistice

3. The Terms of Peace January 1918 SECTION 4 Fourteen Points speech
…outlined a set of ideas for after the war.

4. The Terms of Peace Six General Points SECTION 4 NO secret treaties
Freedom of the seas for ALL nations
Removal of economic barriers
Reduction of armaments
Adjust colonial claims
Establishment of a general association of nations

5. What was the overall purpose of the Fourteen Points?
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What was the overall purpose of the Fourteen Points?
…a just and safer world

6. The Terms of Peace Treaty of Brest Litovsk SECTION 4
allowed the Germans
to concentrate on their
Western front against France and Britain in the
summer of 1918.

7. The Terms of Peace SECTION 4 Second Battle of the Marne
Battle of Château-Thierry

8. The Terms of Peace SECTION 4 Europe 1918 Turks ask for peace – 30 Oct
Kaiser Wilhelm abdicates 9 Nov
July – Allied Counterattack
14 Oct –Austria-Hungary asks for armistice
Bulgaria surrenders 29 Sept
Turks ask for peace – 30 Oct

9. The Terms of Peace SECTION 4
…eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month…

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Costs of War

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13. Paris Peace Conference 1919
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Paris Peace Conference 1919
Wilson Clemenceau Lloyd George
Orlando
All three men wanted to stop a war ever happening again, but they did not agree about how to do this. They wanted different things from the peace, and they did not get on well.

14. The Terms of Peace SECTION 4 Georges Clemenceau
He was the Prime Minister of France.
He wanted revenge, and to punish the Germans for what they had done.
He wanted to make Germany pay for the damage done during the war.
He also wanted to weaken Germany, so France would never be invaded again.

15. The Terms of Peace SECTION 4 Woodrow Wilson
He wanted to make the world safe.   He wanted to end war by making a fair peace.
   
He said that he wanted disarmament, and a League of Nations (where countries could talk out their problems, without war).
He also promised self-determination for the peoples of Eastern Europe.

16. The Terms of Peace SECTION 4 David Lloyd George
He was Prime Minister of Great Britain.
He said he would ‘make Germany pay’ – because he knew that was what the British people wanted to hear.
He wanted ‘justice’, but he did not want revenge. He said that the peace must not be harsh – that would just cause another war in a few years time.   He tried to get a ‘halfway point’ – a compromise between Wilson and Clemenceau.   
He ALSO wanted to expand the British Empire, maintain British control of the seas, and increase Britain's trade.  

17. The Terms of Peace Visual Source
In this Swiss WWI-era cartoon titled "At the Peace Conference," the nations of France, England, the US, Belgium and Italy sit around the conference table smoking pipes together, with a PAX statue in the center of the table. The conference table is supported by a platform of bombs and powder kegs, labeled "World Revolution." 
The caption reads, "I hope they will soon get through with this Peace Pipe smoking. A spark might fall underneath, and then--!!!?" The cartoon was published during the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, and reflects fears that the victors of WWI, by attempting to create a lasting peace would instead destabilize Europe.

18. Political Cartoon
The Terms of Peace

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20. Close your book! Time for your quiz!
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The Terms of Peace
Close your book! Time for your quiz!