1. Ch 17 – Classification of Organisms
Vocabulary Review
Ch 17 – Classification of Organisms

2. The variety of organisms considered at all levels, from populations to ecosystems
Biodiversity

3. The science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms
Taxonomy

4. Any particular group within a taxonomic system

5. In a traditional taxonomic system, the highest taxonomic category, which contains a group of similar phyla
Kingdom

6. In a modern taxonomic system, the broadest category; the category that contains kingdoms
Domain

7. In a traditional taxonomic system for organisms other than plants, the category contained within a kingdom and containing classes
Phylum

8. In a traditional taxonomic system for plants, the category contained within a kingdom and containing classes
Division

9. In a traditional taxonomic system, the category contained within a phylum or division and containing orders
Class

10. In a traditional taxonomic system, the category contained within a class and containing families
Order

11. In a traditional taxonomic system, the category contained within an order and containing genera
Family

12. In a traditional taxonomic system, the category contained within a family and containing species
Genus

13. A group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring; also the level of classification below genus and above subspecies
Species

14. Binomial nomenclature
A system for giving each organism a two-word scientific name that consists of the genus name followed by the species name
Binomial nomenclature

15. A taxonomic classification below species that groups organisms that live in different geographical areas, differ morphologically from other populations of the species, but can interbreed with other populations of the species
Subspecies

16. The classification of living organisms in terms of their natural relationships; it includes describing, naming, and classifying the organisms
Systematics

17. The analysis of evolutionary, or ancestral, relationships between taxa
Phylogenetics

18. A branching diagram that models the relationships by ancestry between different species or other taxonomic groups
Phylogenetic diagram

19. A phylogenetic classification system that uses shared derived characters and ancestry as the sole criterion for grouping taxa
Cladistics

20. A feature that is shared by all members of a particular group of organisms
Shared character

21. A feature that evolved only within a particular taxonomic group
Derived character

22. A taxonomic grouping that includes only a single ancestor and all of its descendants
Clade

23. A diagram that is based on patterns of shared, derived traits and that shows the evolutionary relationships between groups of organisms
Cladogram

24. In a modern taxonomic system, a domain made up of prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall and that usually reproduce by cell division; this domain aligns with the traditional kingdom Eubacteria
Bacteria

25. In a modern taxonomic system, a domain made up of prokaryotes that can live in extreme environments and that are differentiated from other prokaryotes by various important chemical differences; this domain aligns with the traditional kingdom Archaebacteria
Archaea

26. In a modern taxonomic system, a domain made up of all eukaryotes; aligns with the traditional kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
Eukarya

27. In a traditional taxonomic system, a kingdom that contains all prokaryotes except Kingdom Archaebacteria
Eubacteria

28. In a traditional taxonomic system, a kingdom made up of prokaryotes that can live in extreme environments; differentiated from other prokaryotes by various important chemical differences
Archaebacteria

29. In a traditional taxonomic system, a kingdom made up of mostly one-celled eukaryotic organisms that are not readily classified as either plants, animals, or fungi
Protista

30. In a traditional taxonomic system, a kingdom made up of nongreen, eukaryotic organisms that get food by breaking down organic matter and absorbing the nutrients, reproduce by means of spores, and have no means of movement
Fungi

31. In a traditional taxonomic system, a kingdom made up of eukaryotic, multicellular organisms that have cell walls made mostly of cellulose, that have pigments that absorb light, and that supply energy and oxygen to themselves and to other life-forms through photosynthesis
Plantae

32. In a traditional taxonomic system, a kingdom made up of complex, multicellular organisms that lack cell walls, are usually able to move around, and possess specialized sense organs that help them quickly respond to their environment
Animalia