1. Zoology Aktuální info - webová stránka ústavu, ne STAG
Příprava dle sylabu (nástěnka, web)
Testy (2, v ½ a na konci semestru – viz sylabus)
Možnost samostudia preparátů ve cvičebně!
Cvičení - pracovní listy (web)
Nezapomínat uvádět zvětšení
„Poznávačka“ - u zápočtu
Přednášky – studovat průběžně, nenechávat na později
Hickman, Miller and Harley, Campbell biology, multimediální pomůcka ( web ústavu), SŠ učebnice, knihovna, TV dokumenty, internet (obrázky/images), studovna Animal Planet, časopisy
Internetové odkazy, doporučená literatura – viz anotace (web, nástěnka)
Doporučujeme navštívit zoo, muzejní zoologické sbírky

2. Presence at practical lessons (no pets, no food) 1
Introduction. Protozoa, Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Acanthocephala, Annelida, Mollusca, Nematoda. 2
Arthropoda. 3
„Recognition of invertebrates“. Fish, amphibians, reptiles 4
Anatomic and parasitologic autopsy of wild bird. 5
Birds. 6
Mammals. 7
Credits, Vertebrate recognition and credit test.
To get the credit:
Presence at practical lessons (no pets, no food)
Protocols – filled in study materials download from web and get printed
Passing credit test in the 7th week of semestre – questions based on the study sheets
2 animal recognitions (3rd and 7th week)
Recommended lectures every week in the lecture room starting Monday :45-10:15 chemistry lecture room
Tato prezentace je spolufinancována Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.

3. Write the taxonomical categories.
How would you categorise wild cat using taxonomy?
Who and when laid the basics of bionominal nomenclature?
Try to identify the following animals:

4. Taxonomy Binomial nomenclature
principles of classification, systematic ordering and naming
Binomial nomenclature
„latinized“ name
(from Latin or Greek)
composed of 2 words
1.Genus
2. species epithet
Homo sapiens
Canis lupus
Taxonomy is study of principles of scientific classification, systematic ordering and naming the organisms. Like all organisms, animals are named and classified into a hierarchy of relatedness. Each kind of organism is recognized throughout the world by its two part name.
This system, called binomial nomenclature, was created by Carl Linne and published in his book Systema Naturae.
Each species has a latinized name. The first part indicates the genus, and the second part indicates the species to which the organism belongs. We can compare it to a surname and first name.
Carl Linné ( )
*Systema Naturae (1735)*

5. Systematic zoology kingdom … phylum class species order family genus
(regnum)
(Animalia)
kingdom …
species
phylum
(Chordata)
(subphylum)
(Vertebrata)
class
(classis)
(Mammalia)
order
(ordo)
(Carnivora)
family
(familia)
(Felidae)
genus
(Felis sp.)
Wild cat (Felis silvestris)

6. Scientific nomenclature
Wild cat - Felis silvestris
Schreber
, 1777
Saharian -
Felis silvestris lybica
domestic -
Felis silvestris f. catus
Felis catus

7. Species concept – how we can recognize species
morphologic (typological) group of organisms with certain fixed properties. used as a "classical" method of determining species. morphospecies. Importance of typical specimen.
biologic organisms able to reproduce naturally to produce fertile offspring. reproductive barrier
phylogenetic
group that shares an ancestor; a lineage that maintains its integrity with respect to other lineages through both time and space.
But beware, the biggest rule when dealing with life:
EVERY RULE HAS ITS EXCEPTIONS! (except this one of course)

8. morfospecies vs. biospecies
morphologic divergence is often not correlated with distance of relatedness 
Willow Warbler
(Phylloscopus trochilus)
Canis familiaris
Chiff Chaff
(Phylloscopus collybita)

9. Scientific x vernacular names
Salmo gairdneri X Oncorhynchus mykiss
trout < salmon trout < salmon
Atlantic x Pacific
!! British vs. American English:
Elk vs. Moose (Cervus vs. Alces)
Carnivore (taxonomy vs. ecology)

10. Passer domesticus česky: vrabec domácí United States: English sparrow
England: House sparrow
France: Moineau domestique
Spain: Gorrion
Portugal: Pardal
Italy: Passera oltramontana
Germany: Haussperling
Holland: Musch
Denmark, Norway: Graaspurv
Sweden: Hussparf
Russian: Домовый воробей
Greek: Σπουργίτης
Hungarian: Házi veréb
דרור הבית
घरेलू गौरैया
العصفور الدوري
The importance of this system is shown on this slide. Each country has its own names for well-known animals.
குருவி
चिमणी

11. Ecdysozoa Lophotrochozoa protostomia deuterostomia Diblastica
Echinodermata
Chordata
Ecdysozoa
Lophotrochozoa
protostomia
(aprox. 30 phyla)
deuterostomia
(3 phyla)
Diblastica
Triblastica

12. Apicomplexa life cycle – monoxenous coccidia
Merogony (=schizogony) – gamogony - sporogony
In host
In enviroment

13. Life cycle of flukes adult fluke in bile ducts
Dicrocoelium lanceolatum
definitive host
- sheep
- goat
- cattle
- game animals
egg
metacercariae
cercariae
miracidium
rediae & cercariae
sporocyst I with rediae

14. Cestoda - tapeworms Hermafordites No digestive system Life cycle:
Intermediate host
cyst
Definitive host
- adult tapeworm

15. Nematoda - Pork worm (Trichinella spiralis)
direct life cycle – one host, but biohelmint – infection by eating infected animal
encysted larva in muscle tissue
Intracellular (!) parasite in muscles
Adult parasite in intestines, sexual reproduction and production of larvae – they migrate to muscles.