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Classification and Cladograms Overview

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Presentation on theme: "Classification and Cladograms Overview"— Presentation transcript:

1 Classification and Cladograms Overview

2 Carl Linnaeus Father of Biological Classification! Classification: grouping items according to similar characteristics Taxonomy - the science of naming Carl Linnaeus developed a system using a two-word Latin name for each species Called binomial nomenclature - uses the genus and species names to identify organisms

3 7 levels of taxa Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

4 Why scientific names? not everyone attaches the same common names to the same organism = confusing ie  same common name used for different species (ie. maple tree might be a sugar maple, a silver maple, or a red maple) Common names may not also describe organisms accurately (ie. jellyfish)

5 Puma concolor What animal is this? Mountain Cat Cougar Panther Puma
Mountain Lion

6 Scientific Names Canis familiaris - dog Felis domesticus - cat
Genus first - Capitalized Species second - not capitalized Both italicized Examples: Canis familiaris - dog Felis domesticus - cat Canis lupus - wolf Homo sapien - man

7

8 Let’s classify. . . Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora Family: Felidae Genus: Panthera Species: leo

9 4,000 < 100 43,000 77,000 Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Mixed Unicellular
Domain Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Kingdom Eu- bacteria Archae- Protists Fungi Plants Animals # Species 4,000 < 100 43,000 77,000 280,000 1 million Cell Type (pro or eu) Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Cell structure CW Peptidoglycan CW –NO Mixed CW – Chitin Cellulose NO CW Body Type Unicellular Multicellular Nutrition autotroph heterotroph chemoauto hetero –troph Reproduction Asexual – Binary Fission Sexual Movement Flagella / Pili Flagella Cilia NO Varies Examples

10 3 Types of Bacteria

11 Reproduction

12 Photosynthetic Protists – Algae

13 Heterotrophic Protists - Protozoa - classified by their movement.

14 A Fungus Among us Fungi Ant - Parasitic Fungus Cow Pie Fungus

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