1. LEE CHI HO 130007394 HUNG WING SHAN 13007017 MAK LAI YAN 13007378 NGAN CHING IN 13001477 TSANG WING SHAN 13007386 TSE MAN HON 13007408 WONG SZE CHING 13006274 WONG LIK SHUN 13001574 TANG MEI LING 13007025 Group 3 Mobile TV in HK 1

2. Agenda Definition History and Trends Broadcast standards 1. CMMB 2. DTMB 3. DVB-H 4. T-DMB Regulations Frameworks Pros and cons 2

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4. Mobile TV Definition:The broadcast of a Live TV on a smartphone or other handheld digital device(e.g.Tablet) The Narrow sense: Broadcast the Live TV through airwave/over-the-air only Generalized sense: Broadcast the Live TV through Mobile network / Internet It includes pay TV services and free-to-air via terrestrial television stations. E.g. UTV HKTV 4

5. Video download apps, stream TV from the Web browsers in mobile devices are not included in Mobile TV E.g. YoutubeNow Player Video have been already savedThe program can be watched in traditional TV already 5

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7. History of mobile TV Original plan: use of Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcasting (DTMB) transmission technology Banned by OFCA (Office of the communications authority)  HKTV needs a separate domestic TV program license to offer commercial mobile TV Change to launch over-the-top (OTT) video services Distributed via Xiaomi set-top boxes, online & mobile platforms Oct 2014 Hong Kong Television Network (HKTV) Launched mobile TV service "UTV" Cross-network: integrates cellular, internet & broadcasting companies to supply content, regardless of the user’s mobile provider Multi-platform: users can watch programs through Android smartphones, iPhone, tablets, computer & TV boxes The mobile TV licence acquired by HKTV on Dec 2013 Dec 2013 China Mobile Hon g Kong (CMHK) CSL One2Free Launches Hong Kong's First "3G Mobile TV" Offering non-stop 9 infotainment programmes on 3G mobile phones Charged on time consumption & no pre-registration is required Feb 2006 CSL One2Free 7

8. Trends in Hong Kong Steady growth of Smartphone penetration rate Steady growth of watching video and TV programme Worldwide trends Rapidly going mobile & broadband Worldwide mobile TV users reached 200M by year 2012 & CAGR is 36% By 2017, 2 billion mobile & tablet users will watch TV & video on their devices (Juniper Research ) 8

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11. CMMB The China Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting China Industry Standard developed by SARFT Based on the Satellite and Terrestrial Interactive Multi- service Infrastructure (STiMi) Performs one of the mobile TV standards with capability in supporting portable and mobile digital TV services in Hong Kong SAR 11

12. Usage and Characteristic Supports hybrid satellite and terrestrial signal frequency network Specifies usage of the S-band/ U-band Supports mobile phone, PDA, MP3, MP4, digital camera, notebook and small terminal in car, train, ships, and plane to receive multimedia service 12 Characteristics Bandwidth  2 Options 1.8MHz for 4K sub-carriers 2.2MHz for 1K sub-carriers Multi-carrier  CP-OFDM  Fixed sub-carrier width  Fixed CP length (ratio)

13. Service Structure 13

14. System Structure 14

15. Strength and weakness 15 High mobility user of handheld device Strength Lower-definition of 320i Support QCIF (176 × 144) & QVGA(320x240) Poor indoor reception Inadequate network coverage and signal attenuation strong urban buildings Weakness

16. Application in Hong Kong UTV, Launched by China Mobile Based on the China Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting (CMMB) technology platform Accessible to all Hong Kong cellular users regardless of their mobile network provider Owners of portable media players using CMMB software can also access the TV service Hong Kong’s telecoms regulator OFTA(now OFCA) allocated the 678MHz–686MHz band for licensed broadcast mobile TV 16

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18. DTMB Digital Television Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcasting  is the TV standard for mobile and fixed terminals used in the PRC, Hong Kong, and Macau  is a merger of the standards ADTB-T, DMB-T and TiMi  was created in 2004 and finally became an official DTT standard in 2006 DTMB in Hong Kong  formal adoption as a DTT standard in 2006  analogue to digital switchover in 2007 (TVB and ATV)  analogue switchoff in 2015 18

19. DTMB HKTV's proposal to use DTMB for HKTV's mobile television service was rejected by the Communications Authority due to laws that govern traditional and new media by different standards Characteristics Bandwidth  Channel bandwidth can be modulated into 1.5MHz Bit-rate  from 4.813 Mbit/s to 32.486 Mbit/s Signal frequency  470-806 MHz 19

20. DTMB Usage Traditional: Internal  Broadcasting TV signal  Fixed site: home TV New Trend: External  Mobile devices  Built-in receiver: Korean mobile phone  External receiver: Hong Kong mobile phone, which is a latest technology 20

21. DTMB Service Besides the basic functions of traditional television service, the DTMB allows additional services using the new television broadcasting system. DTMB system is compatible with fixed reception (indoor and outdoor) and mobile digital terrestrial television Mobile reception: is compatible with digital broadcasting TV in standard definition (SD), digital audio broadcasting, multimedia broadcasting and data broadcasting service Fixed reception: in addition to the previous services, also supports high definition digital broadcasting (HDTV) 21

22. Service Structure of DTMB 22

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25. Finally the signal is modulated to put it in the corresponding frequency band The data block and the TPS information are multiplexed, and pass through the data processor to form the body structure. It combines information from the body and the head to form the frame and this is passed through the SRRC (Square Root Raised Cosine) filter to become a signal within an 8 MHz channel bandwidth The data passes through the encoder, the error protection process FEC (Forward Error Correction), through the constellation mapping process and then the interleaving processes the information to create the data blocks The transmission system makes the conversion of the input signal to the output data of terrestrial TV signal 25 System Structure

26. Strength and weakness High video quality at fixed locations max. 1080i Stable broadcasting foreign country Korea and Germany successfully broadcasted the World Cup by using DTMB Flexibility of services Strength A receiver is needed Not suitable on mobile phone or tabs Not stable broadcasting (in HK) Immature skills Signal is blocked by tunnel, tall buildings, etc. Weakness 26

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28. DVB Digital Video Broadcasting A suite of internationally accepted open standards for digital television DVB standards are maintained by the DVB Project 28

29. DVB-H Digital Video Broadcasting - Handheld Published as a formal standard (EN 203 204) by ETSI in November 2004 Physical layer specification designed to enable the efficient delivery of IP-encapsulated data over terrestrial networks Variant of the DVB-T ("Terrestrial) standard was defined for non-mobile devices 29

30. Usage and characteristics Technical specification for the transmission of digital TV to handheld receivers (i.e. mobile telephones and PDAs) Characteristics Bandwidth  Variable  5,6,7,8MHz for all possible number of sub-carriers (8K,4K,2K) Multi-carrier  CP-OFDM  Variable sub-carrier width  Variable CP length (ratio) 30

31. DVB-H Network structure Sharing a network with DVB-T by multiplexing 31

32. DVB-H System Structure A conceptual description of using a DVB-H system (sharing a MUX with MPEG-2 services) 32

33. DVB-H technical trial in HK Six-month DVB-H trial Ran from September 2006 to March 2007 within HK’s Quarry Bay district A joint agreement of Motorola Inc. and PCCW-HKT Telephone Ltd using Motorola’s end-to end Mobile TV system Enabled the evaluation of operational performance and the technical capabilities of the system in Hong Kong 33

34. Strength & Weakness High video quality Resolution: Up to 1080i Very spectrum efficient when compared with the traditional TV-services Strength External receiver needed for users If simultaneous operation is required, the frequencies below about 700–750 MHz are favored Weakness 34

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36. T-DMB Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB)  For terrestrial transmissions on band III (VHF) and L (UHF) frequencies  Allow audio and data transmitted to mobile device  Based on the Eureka 147 Digital Audio Broadcast or DAB system  The form of transmission is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) High data capacity and suitability for applications  Developed by South Korea 36

37. T-DMB T-DMB = Terrestrial-DMB Provide various data service with 300Km/h speed for 24 hours a day Characteristics Bandwidth  Fixed  Nominal 2MHz for all possible number of sub-carriers Multi-carrier  CP-OFDM  Flexible sub-carrier width  Fixed CP ratio, variable CP length 37

38. T-DMB Usage Expanded concept from DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting) 38

39. T-DMB Service Audio service  Stereo with CD quality Video service  Video: SD quality (‘7 LCD)  Audio: Stereo (FM quality)  Data: Text & Graphic Data service  Traffic, Navigation, Headline news, Stocks, etc 39

40. Service Structure 40

41. System Structure 41

42. Strength & Weakness Used without much modification for mobile video applications Simply increase the level of error correction Stable service in mobile, portable and fixed reception Cheap service charges Less transmitters for T-DMB service and SFN installation Cheap receiver charges T-DMB receiver structure is simple Strength 42 Retransmitting data unnecessarily for reliability Weakness

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44. Regulatory Issues of Broadcast-type Mobile Television Service (“Mobile TV Service”) Approach Separate regulations for TV content and broadcasting network infrastructure Broadcasting Ordinance (BO) Governs content regulations of TV broadcasting services in Hong Kong Telecommunications Ordinance (TO) Covers the establishment, maintenance and operation of telecommunications networks in Hong Kong Include infrastructure for conveyance of TV broadcasting services  Focus on Broadcasting Ordinance (BO) 44

45. Licensing and Regulatory Requirements under the Broadcasting Ordinance (BO) (1) According to the BO: If a person provides free/pay television programme service which is intended or available for reception by an audience of more than 5,000 specified premises (any domestic premises, or hotel room, in Hong Kong), the person must take steps to obtain a domestic free television programme service (“FTV”) licence or domestic pay television programme service (“PTV”) licence If a person is unable to ensure that his/her television service is not available for reception by an audience of more than 5,000 specified premises, the person must take steps to obtain a FTV/PTV licence under the BO 45

46. Licensing and Regulatory Requirements under the BO (2) For the television programme services regulated under the BO, licensees shall comply with the relevant legislations and regulations (including the requirements in relation to the control and management of the licensees, prohibition on anti-competitive conduct, prohibition on abuse of dominance, etc.), the terms and conditions of their licences as well as the codes of practice issued by the Communication Authority (CA) concerning the programme, advertising and technical standards 46

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48. Framework of development of broadcast type mobile TV (A) Spectrum Availability One frequency multiplex of 8MHz in UHF Band

49. Framework of development of broadcast type mobile TV (B) Spectrum Allocation Transmission capacity: 75%: provide mobile TV services 25%: other services (e.g. datacasting) Mandatory % of transmission capacity for mobile TV: Should be review by OFTA within five years by successful bidder

50. Framework of development of broadcast type mobile TV (C) Spectrum Assignment auction with a pre-qualification process Included utilization fee Bidder should propose obligation (e.g. development plan)

51. Framework of development of broadcast type mobile TV (D) Licensing Arrangements Operator is required to obtain a unified carrier licence IF  rent out to other TV service provider  is required to obtain - services-based operator licence - other permitted telecommunications services to the public

52. Framework of development of broadcast type mobile TV (D) Licensing Arrangements Content (for both local broadcast-type or streaming-type): is regulated by general laws Self –regulation: Is required to develop codes of practice

53. Framework of development of broadcast type mobile TV (E) Access to Hilltop Broadcasting Sites Share existing hilltop broadcasting site facilities IF mutual agreement cannot be reached  TA could intervene and adjudicate

54. Framework of development of broadcast type mobile TV (F) Geographical Coverage able to set up transmitting stations Provide coverage for 50% of the population within 18 months NOT necessary to cover in tunnels (e.g. mass transit railway)  negotiable

55. Framework of development of broadcast type mobile TV (G) Technical Standards a market-led technology-neutral approach by leaving the market to select

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57. Pros 1. Easy to use – Users do a few steps that they go to the website or download the apps and click the program which you want. 2. Convenient – Users can watch TV programs when they are free. Even different location and different time, users also can enjoy the TV programs. 3. Low cost – Users do not have to pay money to watch TV program. It is low cost for them. 4. Potential customers – Potential customers may want to promote their products or service, which can promote through the TV program.playing the video of advertisement before users watch the TV program. 5. High quality of TV program – Competition of mobile TV ( TVB vs HKTV ), improve the quality of TV program in order to attract more customer and keep the reputation. 6. Diversification – Users can watch programs and shopping on the website or apps. 57

58. Cons 1. Not stable to watch TV programs – Sometimes, mobile receive the signal is not well, which is not smooth to watch TV programs. 2. Use the data to watch TV programs – High Data usage if users watch the TV program. They may not willing to watch it. 3. Needs of information technology resource – high demand of I.T. staff and technical skills. Especially, when the server was down, they have to repair at once. 4. Risk of security – Virus or hackers 5. Distribution because of the advertisement – Users have to watch the video of advertisement and cannot skip it before watching TV programs 58

59. Reference http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Multimedia_Mobile_Broadcasting http://cmmbvision.com/converged-mobile-multimedia-broadcasting http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1447292/ricky-wongs-plans- mobile-tv-hangs-legal-grey-area https://www.itu.int/ITU-D/asp/CMS/Events/2011/DigitalBroadcast- May2011/S3_China.pdf https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=YLf046JUjCAC&pg=PA145&lpg=PA145&dq =CMMB+service+structure&source=bl&ots=UAg_Ds5xrU&sig=R_e9xBJzZ9OF 9_m7wfUATL1XWqY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zQAdVdrWD9Tf8AWpuYGABQ&ved= 0CCMQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=CMMB%20service%20structure&f=false http://www.google.com/patents/CN102595433A?cl=en https://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2012/12/11/chin a-mobile-hong-kong-launches-carrier-independent-mobile-tv-network/ 59